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Artificial intelligence in predicting, determining and controlling cell phenotype or tissue function in inflammatory diseases
The last decade has seen rapid development in the use of computational techniques at bulk tissue and single-cell level. However, our knowledge remains limited in this regard, and further progress is needed, especially in inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Controlling, modeling, or predicting cellular phenotype in this context using artificial intelligence (AI) will greatly improve the available in vitro, in situ, in vivo, and in silico methods, but also aid in the understanding of disease pathology and therapeutic efficiency. These methods not only have ramifications for our pathophysiological understanding of tissue function but are also important for advancing AI methods in cell culture, tissue explants, or in vivo for immunologically relevant characteristics of single cells, cell populations, and tissues to predict cell or tissue function.
Engineering the Geometrical Shape of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Through Defined Cyclic Stretch Regimens
Abstract: Stem cells have been predicted to improve disease outcomes and patient lives. Steering stem cell fate - through controlling cell shape - may substantially accelerate progress towards this goal. As mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are continuously exposed in vivo to a dynamically changing biomechanical environment, we hypothesized that exogenous forces can be applied for engineering a variety of significantly different MSC shapes. We applied specific cyclic stretch regimens to human MSCs and quantitatively measured the resulting cell shape, alignment, and expression of smooth muscle (SMC) differentiation markers, as those have been associated with elongated morphology. As proof of p...
Lack of a Skeletal Muscle Phenotype in Adult Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Following Xenogeneic-free Expansion
Abstract: Background Many studies have elegantly shown that murine and rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (bmMSCs) contribute to muscle regeneration and improve muscle function. Yet, the ability of transplanted human bmMSCs to manifest myogenic potential shows conflicting results. While human adipose- and umbilical cord-derived MSCs can be differentiated into a skeletal muscle phenotype using horse serum (HS), bmMSCs have only been shown to differentiate towards the skeletal muscle lineage using a complex mixture of cytokines followed by transfection with notch intracellular domain. Methods Since xenogeneic-free growth supplements are increasingly being used in the expansion o...
Statement of Disbursements of the House as Compiled by the Chief Administrative Officer from ...
Covers receipts and expenditures of appropriations and other funds.
Articular Cartilage -- from Basic Science Structural Imaging to Non-invasive Clinical Quantitative Molecular Functional Information for AI Classification and Prediction
Abstract: This review presents the changes that the imaging of articular cartilage has undergone throughout the last decades. It highlights that the expectation is no longer to image the structure and associated functions of articular cartilage but, instead, to devise methods for generating non-invasive, function-depicting images with quantitative information that is useful for detecting the early, pre-clinical stage of diseases such as primary or post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA/PTOA). In this context, this review summarizes (a) the structure and function of articular cartilage as a molecular imaging target, (b) quantitative MRI for non-invasive assessment of articular cartilage compositio...
