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Private Sector Job Creation in MENA: Prioritizing the Reform Agenda
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 37

Private Sector Job Creation in MENA: Prioritizing the Reform Agenda

This paper examines the extent to which firms in selected MENA countries reported being constrained by the business environment around the time of the Arab Spring and the extent to which these constraints affected their employment performance. The results suggest that small firms in MENA faced more structural constraints than similar firms in other regions. We also find that MENA firms’ weaker job creation can be explained in great part by the macroeconomic environment and structural constraints. Low GDP growth, falling external competitiveness, corruption, lack of access to finance and poor access to electricity are found to explain a significant part of the lack of employment growth in MENA firms compared to their peers.

The Impact of Conflict and Political Instability on Banking Crises in Developing Countries
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 40

The Impact of Conflict and Political Instability on Banking Crises in Developing Countries

While there is an extensive literature examining the economic impact of conflict and political instability, surprisingly there have been few studies on their impact on the probability of banking crises. This paper therefore investigates whether rising conflict and political instability globally over the past several decades led to increased occurrence of banking crises in developing countries. The paper provides strong evidence that conflicts and political instability are indeed associated with higher probability of systemic banking crises. Unsurprisingly, the duration of a conflict is positively associated with rising probability of a banking crisis. Interestingly, the paper also finds that conflicts and political instability in one country can have negative spillover effects on neighboring countries’ banking systems. The paper provides evidence that the primary channel of transmission is the occurrence of fiscal crises following a conflict or political instability.

The Economic Impact of Conflicts and the Refugee Crisis in the Middle East and North Africa
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 43

The Economic Impact of Conflicts and the Refugee Crisis in the Middle East and North Africa

In recent decades, the Middle East and North Africa region (MENA) has experienced more frequent and severe conflicts than in any other region of the world, exacting a devastating human toll. The region now faces unprecedented challenges, including the emergence of violent non-state actors, significant destruction, and a refugee crisis bigger than any since World War II. This paper raises awareness of the economic costs of conflicts on the countries directly involved and on their neighbors. It argues that appropriate macroeconomic policies can help mitigate the impact of conflicts in the short term, and that fostering higher and more inclusive growth can help address some of the root causes of conflicts over the long term. The paper also highlights the crucial role of external partners, including the IMF, in helping MENA countries tackle these challenges.

Prostate Cancer: Shifting from Morphology to Biology
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 301

Prostate Cancer: Shifting from Morphology to Biology

The aim of this book will be to contribute to the education of a new generation of experts in urology, molecular biology, pathology and oncology, offering them sufficient knowledge in basic and translational research to be fluency in the web of interacting networks playing a role in prostate cancer development, progression, metastasis and drug-resistance.The volume will cover the latest innovative researches in prostate cancer, with particular emphasis to the state-of-the-art analysis technologies that are essential for the accurate identification of molecular targets for disease diagnosis, molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis, markers for susceptibility, molecular-based prognostic prevision, characterization of biomarkers of drug efficacy and drug resistance, validation of new therapeutics and diagnostics. Current advancements on the intersecting data concerning transcriptomes, proteomes, the molecular techniques referred as "omes", will be reported and discussed.

Economic Integration in the Maghreb
  • Language: ar
  • Pages: 48

Economic Integration in the Maghreb

Individual countries of the Maghreb have achieved substantial progress on trade, but, as a region they remain the least integrated in the world. The share of intraregional trade is less than 5 percent of their total trade, substantially lower than in all other regional trading blocs around the world. Geopolitical considerations and restrictive economic policies have stifled regional integration. Economic policies have been guided by country-level considerations, with little attention to the region, and are not coordinated. Restrictions on trade and capital flows remain substantial and constrain regional integration for the private sector.

Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 564

Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2018-02-13
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  • Publisher: Springer

This volume focuses on our current understanding of the molecular underpinnings of prostate cancer and their potential application for precision medicine approaches. The emergence and applications of new technologies has allowed for a rapid expansion of our understanding of the molecular basis of prostate cancer and has revealed a remarkable genetic heterogeneity that may underlie the clinically variable behavior of the disease. The book consists of five sections which provide insight about the following: (1) General principles; (2) Molecular signatures of primary prostate cancer; (3) Molecular signatures of advanced prostate cancer; (4) Key molecular pathways in prostate cancer development and progression; (5) and Precision medicine approach: Diagnosis, treatment, prognosis. Precision Molecular Pathology of Prostate Cancer is an important resource for the practicing oncologist, urologist, and pathologist, and will also be useful for researchers in the prostate cancer community.

Transforming Prostate Cancer Care
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 308

Transforming Prostate Cancer Care

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Economic Integration in the Maghreb
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 47

Economic Integration in the Maghreb

Individual countries of the Maghreb have achieved substantial progress on trade, but, as a region they remain the least integrated in the world. The share of intraregional trade is less than 5 percent of their total trade, substantially lower than in all other regional trading blocs around the world. Geopolitical considerations and restrictive economic policies have stifled regional integration. Economic policies have been guided by country-level considerations, with little attention to the region, and are not coordinated. Restrictions on trade and capital flows remain substantial and constrain regional integration for the private sector.

Economic Integration in the Maghreb
  • Language: fr
  • Pages: 48

Economic Integration in the Maghreb

Individual countries of the Maghreb have achieved substantial progress on trade, but, as a region they remain the least integrated in the world. The share of intraregional trade is less than 5 percent of their total trade, substantially lower than in all other regional trading blocs around the world. Geopolitical considerations and restrictive economic policies have stifled regional integration. Economic policies have been guided by country-level considerations, with little attention to the region, and are not coordinated. Restrictions on trade and capital flows remain substantial and constrain regional integration for the private sector.

Head and Neck Imaging E-Book
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 3079

Head and Neck Imaging E-Book

Head and Neck Imaging, by Drs. Peter M. Som and Hugh D. Curtin, delivers the encyclopedic and authoritative guidance you've come to expect from this book – the expert guidance you need to diagnose the most challenging disorders using today's most accurate techniques. New state-of-the-art imaging examples throughout help you recognize the imaging presentation of the full range of head and neck disorders using PET, CT, MRI, and ultrasound. Enhanced coverage of the complexities of embryology, anatomy, and physiology, including original color drawings and new color anatomical images from Frank Netter, help you distinguish subtle abnormalities and understand their etiologies. - Compare your ima...