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The options in antenatal and neonatal care are legion. Preferences still tend to be subjective. In spite of much publicity that has raised public expectation, an up-to-date thorough evaluation of antenatal and neonatal screening was lacking. TLhis book sets out screening approaches in a quantitative manner and will enable choices to be based on objective evidence of efficacy and, where appropriate, safety. Technical advances have sometimes been introduced uncritically and without adequate assessment. It has been assumed, perhaps naively, that the early detection of abnormality will invariable be a good thing. In this book, there is no such assumption that new tests or technical procedures ar...
This compilation of statistics about smoking in the UK aims to provide a comprehensive study. It amalgamates published and unpublished data from several sources, including the General Household Study, which is carried out every 2 years, and an annual survey by the tobacco industry.
The danger of tar in relation to lung disease has been well documented, but the role of nicotine in disease is less clear. This publication represents the proceedings of a symposium sponsored by the Tobacco Products Research Trust in London. In it leading contributors from the fields of epidemiology and public health address the effect of nicotine on smokers and non-smokers alike. The role of nicotine in compensatory smoking, its possible benefits to the individual, and its status as a co-carcinogen are among the topics discussed. It is hoped that these proceedings will form a base on which informed public health decisions can be made, and, if necessary, revised in the light of new evidence.
The subject of the hormone disorders associated with smoking are of relatively recent interest. This book provides summaries of the present status of research into the effects of smoking, the apparent protection offered against certain diseases, and suggested ways of predicting trends of disease patterns. Not all the disorders discussed are adverse effects of smoking, providing impetus for developing non-tobacco methods of disease prevention.
This volume consists of the proceedings of a symposium held at Oxford concerning the weight to be given to negative epidemiolgoical evidence in identifying agents that are potentially carcinogenic to humans. A number of highly pertinent examples are studied, including carcinogens that have been identified experimentally but either have important roles in society (such as oral contraceptives) or are too expensive to remove from the environment (such as nitrate in drinking-water). The relative weight given to experimental and epidemiologic results is fully discussed, especially in terms of social and economic consequences. This is a trail-blazing volume of great importance to anyone interested in assessment of human risk.