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Hybrid Approaches to Machine Translation
This volume provides an overview of the field of Hybrid Machine Translation (MT) and presents some of the latest research conducted by linguists and practitioners from different multidisciplinary areas. Nowadays, most important developments in MT are achieved by combining data-driven and rule-based techniques. These combinations typically involve hybridization of different traditional paradigms, such as the introduction of linguistic knowledge into statistical approaches to MT, the incorporation of data-driven components into rule-based approaches, or statistical and rule-based pre- and post-processing for both types of MT architectures. The book is of interest primarily to MT specialists, but also – in the wider fields of Computational Linguistics, Machine Learning and Data Mining – to translators and managers of translation companies and departments who are interested in recent developments concerning automated translation tools.
La justice administrative
La loi du 20 janvier 2014 portant réforme de la compétence, de la procédure et de l’organisation du Conseil d’État souffle sa première bougie et ses douze premiers mois d’application s’apparentent à tout sauf à un long fleuve tranquille. Le texte et ses arrêtés d’exécution apportent non seulement de profondes modifications à la procédure en suspension mais introduisent également d’importantes nouveautés comme la boucle administrative ou l’indemnité réparatrice. Très controversée, critiquée car trop politique ou trop éloignée des réalités quotidiennes de la juridiction, attaquée devant la Cour constitutionnelle et le Conseil d’État lui-même, la réfor...
Introduction to Arabic Natural Language Processing
This book provides system developers and researchers in natural language processing and computational linguistics with the necessary background information for working with the Arabic language. The goal is to introduce Arabic linguistic phenomena and review the state-of-the-art in Arabic processing. The book discusses Arabic script, phonology, orthography, morphology, syntax and semantics, with a final chapter on machine translation issues. The chapter sizes correspond more or less to what is linguistically distinctive about Arabic, with morphology getting the lion's share, followed by Arabic script. No previous knowledge of Arabic is needed. This book is designed for computer scientists and linguists alike. The focus of the book is on Modern Standard Arabic; however, notes on practical issues related to Arabic dialects and languages written in the Arabic script are presented in different chapters. Table of Contents: What is "Arabic"? / Arabic Script / Arabic Phonology and Orthography / Arabic Morphology / Computational Morphology Tasks / Arabic Syntax / A Note on Arabic Semantics / A Note on Arabic and Machine Translation
Information Retrieval Technology
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th Information Retrieval Societies Conference, AIRS 2013, held in Singapore, in December 2013. The 27 full papers and 18 poster presentations included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 109 submissions. They are organized in the following topical sections: IR theory, modeling and query processing; clustering, classification and detection; natural language processing for IR; social networks, user-centered studies and personalization and applications.
Learning Machine Translation
How Machine Learning can improve machine translation: enabling technologies and new statistical techniques.
Human-Machine Interaction in Translation
Includes 19 papers which were selected for presentation at the workshop and the text of invite keynote lectures. The workshop provided an attractive interdisciplinary forum for fostering interactions among researchers and practitioners in Natural Language Processing (NLP) working within the paradigm of Cognitive Science (CS)
