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The National Trust owns approximately 40,000 archaeological sites in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and in 1995 (its centenary year) the Trust, in close co-operation with the Society of Antiquaries, held a conference designed to highlight the important part archaeology now plays in the management of its properties. Historic houses, so long identified as the main interest of the National Trust, were touched on only in so far as they offer an opportunity or provide the context for archaeological research.
An exciting study of the social and landscape phenomena of the Estate Landscape. In recent years, the post-medieval landscape has attracted new interest from archaeologists, historians, and geographers concerned to understand the development of the historic environment. One of the key structuring elements within these landscapes from the sixteenth century until the aftermath of the Second World War was undoubtedly the landed estate. However, it was not until the late nineteenth century that any systematic attempt to quantify the presence of these estates was undertaken, prompted by the move to democratic reform and the persistent link between political power and landed wealth. Yet the import...
37 studies of the adoption of Christianity across northern Europe over1000 years, and the diverse reasons that drove the process. In Europe, the cross went north and east as the centuries unrolled: from the Dingle Peninsula to Estonia, and from the Alps to Lapland, ranging in time from Roman Britain and Gaul in the third and fourth centuries to the conversion of peoples in the Baltic area a thousand years later. These episodes of conversion form the basic narrative here. History encourages the belief that the adoption of Christianity was somehow irresistible, but specialists show theunderside of the process by turning the spotlight from the missionaries, who recorded their triumphs, to the c...
The Establishment Clause of the First Amendment governs the relationship between the institutions of the church and those of the state; the Supreme Court, as arbiter of the Constitution, has, since 1947, sought to determine where the line between the two should be drawn. This book shows how and why the Court drew the line in particular cases and how and why the lines that were drawn by the Court had an impact on the relationship between institutions of government and the Church, shaping US politics and society. Using the Supreme Court's cases as a framework, the book shows how the constitutional underpinnings of church-state debates shaped the political, economic, and social debate on the issue, and explores broader debates about religion and American society. This book maintains that the Court cases cannot be understood separately from the context from which they arose and that legal factors are only part of a broader picture for a historical understanding of the Court and Establishment Clause cases.
Jim O'Connor, the Republican senator from Massachusetts, is a handsome, charismatic family man—and a future contender for the presidency. But when O'Connor discovers his mistress brutally murdered in her apartment, he becomes a number-one homicide suspect of the Boston Police Department. With November on the horizon and his campaign spinning out of control, the Senator must hunt down a killer in the capital of lies—in order to salvage his battered political career...and his own life. REVIEWS: "An exciting mystery... Those with a taste for mixing politics and murder will savor the tale to the end." ~Booklist "Bowker is a smooth and sensitive writer." ~The New York Times Book Review "Senator actually is three stories in one: a political thesis, a murder mystery and a morality tale, each complementing the other in a skillful blend that is as contemporary as today’s headlines. Senator is timely, profound, and suspenseful." ~Cape Cod Times "A page turner... Well worth reading." ~Library Journal OTHER TITLES by Richard Bowker Pontiff Summit Replica Dover Beach
All Saints’ Church, Brixworth lies 7 miles north of Northampton. The core of the church is Anglo-Saxon and the research published here provides an unprecedented account of one of the most important buildings of its period surviving in England. The building of the main body of the church was towards the end of the 8th century, with a western tower, stair turret and polygonal apse added before the end of the 9th. Major modifications were made during the early and later medieval periods. From the early 19th century the church attracted much antiquarian interest, especially by topographical draughtsmen, whose drawings are crucial to its understanding before major restoration. Reverend Charles ...
In this detailed study, Liddiard examines the processes and factors which determined the number, distribution and location of castles and considers how a castle's construction altered its environment. Using structures such as Castle Acre, Castle Rising, Middleton and Horsford as examples, Liddiard suggests that the location of most of Norfolk's castles was shaped by social factors and not military considerations. Castles were primarily intended to act as residences even though they were designed to dramatically dominate the landscape.
The earliest Romanesque towers of Lincolnshire constitute one of the most remarkable groupings of architectural remains at parish level, of the era of the Norman conquest of England. Forming west towers to a series of ordinary parish churches rather than parts of cathedrals or great monastic institutions, they are a distinctive feature of a number of the county's towns and villages. They have been variously described - as a group or individually - as Late Anglo-Saxon, Norman, or overlap in period. The fieldwork on which this study was based was undertaken as part of the British Academy's Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture series. Given their late date, however, (all the sculptural materia...
Examines the landscape of the Malvern Hills, a ridge of ancient volcanic rocks along the western edge of the Severn Valley. The survey ranges from the early prehistoric period to the present day, including the two large Iron Age hillforts on the ridge.
The chronological disjuncture, LBK longhouses have widely been considered to provide ancestral influence for both rectangular and trapezoidal long barrows and cairns, but with the discovery and excavation of more houses in recent times is it possible to observe evidence of more contemporary inspiration. What do the features found beneath long mounds tell us about this and to what extent do they represent domestic structures. Indeed, how can we distinguish between domestic houses or halls and those that may have been constructed for ritual purposes or ended up beneath mounds? Do so called 'mortuary enclosures' reflect ritual or domestic architecture and did side ditches always provide material for a mound or for building construction? This collection of papers seeks to explore the interface between structures often considered to be those of the living with those for the dead.