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Few of the early Jesuits knew their founder as well as Pedro de Ribadeneira (1526–1611). He met Ignatius while still in his teens, and outlived him by more than fifty years. Ribadeneira wrote the classic biography of Ignatius, and on his death a sketch for a further account of Ignatius’ mode of government was found among his papers. This remained unpublished until, in the nineteenth century, it was added to the Spanish edition of the biography. An English version was badly needed as few texts are so revealing or so relevant about Ignatius.
In 1588, the Spanish Jesuit Pedro de Ribadeneyra published a history of the English Reformation, which he continued to revise until his death in 1611. Spencer J. Weinreich’s translation is the first English edition of the History, one fully alive to its metamorphoses over two decades. Weinreich’s introduction explores the text’s many dimensions—propaganda for the Spanish Armada, anti-Protestant polemic, Jesuit hagiography, consolation amid tribulation—and assesses Ribadeneyra as a historian. The extensive annotations anchor Ribadeneyra’s narrative in the historical record and reconstruct his sources, methods, and revisions. The History, long derided as mere propaganda, emerges as remarkable evidence of the centrality of historiography to the intellectual, theological, and political battles of early modern Europe.