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The Geometry of Walker Manifolds
This book, which focuses on the study of curvature, is an introduction to various aspects of pseudo-Riemannian geometry. We shall use Walker manifolds (pseudo-Riemannian manifolds which admit a non-trivial parallel null plane field) to exemplify some of the main differences between the geometry of Riemannian manifolds and the geometry of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds and thereby illustrate phenomena in pseudo-Riemannian geometry that are quite different from those which occur in Riemannian geometry, i.e. for indefinite as opposed to positive definite metrics. Indefinite metrics are important in many diverse physical contexts: classical cosmological models (general relativity) and string theory...
Aspects of Differential Geometry IV
Book IV continues the discussion begun in the first three volumes. Although it is aimed at first-year graduate students, it is also intended to serve as a basic reference for people working in affine differential geometry. It also should be accessible to undergraduates interested in affine differential geometry. We are primarily concerned with the study of affine surfaces {which} are locally homogeneous. We discuss affine gradient Ricci solitons, affine Killing vector fields, and geodesic completeness. Opozda has classified the affine surface geometries which are locally homogeneous; we follow her classification. Up to isomorphism, there are two simply connected Lie groups of dimension 2. Th...
Mathematical Problem Factories
A problem factory consists of a traditional mathematical analysis of a type of problem that describes many, ideally all, ways that the problems of that type can be cast in a fashion that allows teachers or parents to generate problems for enrichment exercises, tests, and classwork. Some problem factories are easier than others for a teacher or parent to apply, so we also include banks of example problems for users. This text goes through the definition of a problem factory in detail and works through many examples of problem factories. It gives banks of questions generated using each of the examples of problem factories, both the easy ones and the hard ones. This text looks at sequence extension problems (what number comes next?), basic analytic geometry, problems on whole numbers, diagrammatic representations of systems of equations, domino tiling puzzles, and puzzles based on combinatorial graphs. The final chapter previews other possible problem factories.
Probability and Statistics for STEM
One of the most important subjects for all engineers and scientists is probability and statistics. This book presents the basics of the essential topics in probability and statistics from a rigorous standpoint. The basics of probability underlying all statistics is presented first and then we cover the essential topics in statistics, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and linear regression. This book is suitable for any engineer or scientist who is comfortable with calculus and is meant to be covered in a one-semester format.
An Introduction to Proofs with Set Theory
This text is intended as an introduction to mathematical proofs for students. It is distilled from the lecture notes for a course focused on set theory subject matter as a means of teaching proofs. Chapter 1 contains an introduction and provides a brief summary of some background material students may be unfamiliar with. Chapters 2 and 3 introduce the basics of logic for students not yet familiar with these topics. Included is material on Boolean logic, propositions and predicates, logical operations, truth tables, tautologies and contradictions, rules of inference and logical arguments. Chapter 4 introduces mathematical proofs, including proof conventions, direct proofs, proof-by-contradict...
Asymptotic Formulae in Spectral Geometry
A great deal of progress has been made recently in the field of asymptotic formulas that arise in the theory of Dirac and Laplace type operators. Asymptotic Formulae in Spectral Geometry collects these results and computations into one book. Written by a leading pioneer in the field, it focuses on the functorial and special cases methods of computi
Invariance Theory
This book treats the Atiyah-Singer index theorem using the heat equation, which gives a local formula for the index of any elliptic complex. Heat equation methods are also used to discuss Lefschetz fixed point formulas, the Gauss-Bonnet theorem for a manifold with smooth boundary, and the geometrical theorem for a manifold with smooth boundary. The author uses invariance theory to identify the integrand of the index theorem for classical elliptic complexes with the invariants of the heat equation.
An Introduction to Partial Differential Equations
This book is an introduction to methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). After the introduction of the main four PDEs that could be considered the cornerstone of Applied Mathematics, the reader is introduced to a variety of PDEs that come from a variety of fields in the Natural Sciences and Engineering and is a springboard into this wonderful subject. The chapters include the following topics: First-order PDEs, Second-order PDEs, Fourier Series, Separation of Variables, and the Fourier Transform.The reader is guided through these chapters where techniques for solving first- and second-order PDEs are introduced. Each chapter ends with a series of exercises illustrating the material presented in each chapter. The book can be used as a textbook for any introductory course in PDEs typically found in both science and engineering programs and has been used at the University of Central Arkansas for over ten years.
The Navier–Stokes Problem
The main result of this book is a proof of the contradictory nature of the Navier‒Stokes problem (NSP). It is proved that the NSP is physically wrong, and the solution to the NSP does not exist on R+ (except for the case when the initial velocity and the exterior force are both equal to zero; in this case, the solution (, ) to the NSP exists for all ≥ 0 and (, ) = 0). It is shown that if the initial data 0() ≢ 0, (,) = 0 and the solution to the NSP exists for all ε R+, then 0() := (, 0) = 0. This Paradox proves that the NSP is physically incorrect and mathematically unsolvable, in general. Uniqueness of the solution to the NSP in the space 21(R3) × C(R+) is proved, 21(R3) is the Sobolev space, R+ = [0, ∞). Theory of integral equations and inequalities with hyper-singular kernels is developed. The NSP is reduced to an integral inequality with a hyper-singular kernel.
Discrete Distributions in Engineering and the Applied Sciences
This is an introductory book on discrete statistical distributions and its applications. It discusses only those that are widely used in the applications of probability and statistics in everyday life. The purpose is to give a self-contained introduction to classical discrete distributions in statistics. Instead of compiling the important formulas (which are available in many other textbooks), we focus on important applications of each distribution in various applied fields like bioinformatics, genomics, ecology, electronics, epidemiology, management, reliability, etc., making this book an indispensable resource for researchers and practitioners in several scientific fields. Examples are dra...
