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Ecosystem Services
"Ecosystem services are hot, and they have been hot for a while. In 1998, Costanza et al. published their famous article about the societal value produced by ecosystems through ecosystem service delivery, an article which at the time this introduction was written was cited more than 10,000 times. In 2005, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) framed the need to protect biodiversity and the world's ecosystems in terms of ecosystem services (MA 2005)"--
Nature's Wealth
Presents new evidence from more than twenty countries on the role of ecosystems in supporting the livelihoods of the poor.
Land Tenure and Conflict Resolution
Many conflicts in numerous parts of the developing world can be traced to disputes over land ownership, land use and land degradation. In this paper we test the hypothesis that differences in knowledge structures on land tenure and market systems between different leaders within these countries has caused marginalisation of some leaders by the others. A sustained process of marginalisation driven by this inequality has caused the disadvantaged to revolt, resulting, in many cases, in violent clashes. In this paper we develop a game theoretic model to test our hypothesis by analysing the complex interdependencies existing among the various leaders in the Narok district in Kenya. Violent clashe...
Ecosystem Services
This book draws on a range of interdisciplinary perspectives to provide a framework for translating concepts into ecosystem-related decision making and practice.
The Environmental Effects of Tax Differentiation by Vehicle Characteristics
Urban pollution, particularly from exhaust fumes, is a growing problem in Costa Rica, as elsewhere. Policy makers have tried to solve the problem through traditional regulatory instruments. But at the same time, other policy initiatives, such as reducing taxes, have contributed to greater car ownership and use, and hence, pollution levels. This study looks at whether the government's practice of differentiating car taxes on the basis of vehicle characteristics can be used to improve air quality in Costa Rica. The results indicate that a tax that increases the relative price of used cars will have significant environmental impacts, while other means of differentation are much weaker.
Biodiversity in Environmental Assessment
First of its kind and unique in its blend of theoretical and practical approaches for mainstreaming biodiversity in impact assessment.
Soil Fertility
None
Peatland Restoration and Ecosystem Services
An interdisciplinary book tackling the challenges of managing peatlands and their ecosystem services in the face of climate change.
