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Study on the Cost Competitiveness of European Industry in the Globalisation Era
"This study has developed a database of estimates of unit labour costs (ULCs) and real effective exchange rates (REERs; nominal exchange rates deflated by relative ULCs and weighted for the importance of each trading partner to a country's trade) at the 2-digit NACE level for manufacturing industries. It has relied upon OECD and Eurostat data for the developed countries, and has supplemented this with data gathered directly from the statistical offices of Brazil, China, India and Russia in order to include these countries in the analysis. Data for broad groups of service sectors have also been developed for comparison. Chapter 2 presents a brief literature review on the relevance of ULCs as ...
Trade Scenario
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Trade Scenario
Protectionism is on the rise. This scenario estimates the potential impact of a significant increase in tariffs in the world’s major trading blocs. The analysis is carried out using the E3ME macroeconometric model, which provides information on sectoral impacts, together with the Warwick Labour Market Extension model for occupational analysis. Further analysis of the employment developments in Europe is undertaken using Eurofound’s European Jobs Monitor. As predicted by economic theory, tariffs do impact negatively on both GDP and employment. The most negative impact is in the blocs that have a trade surplus. The EU-wide decline in GDP translates to a 0.3% fall in employment in the EU28 by 2030 compared to the baseline.
The Impact of Climate Change Mitigation Policies on European Labour Markets
We study the impact of climate change mitigation policies intended to reach the Paris Agreement's two-degree target on the structure of European labour markets. Employing a three-sector macro-econometric model with a rich labour market extension, we show that the measures targeted at shrinking the use of fossil fuels in electricity generation and the road transport sector--both of which have an overall modest, positive impact on GDP and total employment--could make occupational structure less unequal and polarised in 2030, the target deadline. This could occur in more than half of the European Union's member states, particularly where the industries most affected by the transition to a low-carbon economy (i.e., mining and quarrying, utilities and manufacturing of coke and refined petroleum products) remain most important.
Visions and Strategies for a Sustainable Economy
The multidisciplinary edited book Visions and Strategies for a Sustainable Economy: Theoretical and Policy Alternatives provides a thorough examination – at the theoretical and, especially, policy levels – of a number of key topics related to a sustainable economy and a better society. With important contributions by distinguished academics, the book presents alternative views, provides an assessment of contemporary realities in an era of ecological emergency, and offers visions, strategies, and realistic policies towards a better economy and society while paying special attention to a “green new deal” for different areas.
