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Electrical Control and Quantum Chaos with a High-Spin Nucleus in Silicon
Nuclear spins are highly coherent quantum objects that were featured in early ideas and demonstrations of quantum information processing. In silicon, the high-fidelity coherent control of a single phosphorus (31-P) nuclear spin I=1/2 has demonstrated record-breaking coherence times, entanglement, and weak measurements. In this thesis, we demonstrate the coherent quantum control of a single antimony (123-Sb) donor atom, whose higher nuclear spin I = 7/2 corresponds to eight nuclear spin states. However, rather than conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), we employ nuclear electric resonance (NER) to drive nuclear spin transitions using localized electric fields produced within a silico...
Optical Transistor
What Is Optical Transistor An optical transistor, also known as an optical switch or a light valve, is a device that switches or amplifies optical signals. Light occurring on an optical transistor's input changes the intensity of light emitted from the transistor's output while output power is supplied by an additional optical source. Since the input signal intensity may be weaker than that of the source, an optical transistor amplifies the optical signal. The device is the optical analog of the electronic transistor that forms the basis of modern electronic devices. Optical transistors provide a means to control light using only light and has applications in optical computing and fiber-opti...
Transistor Ottico
Cos'è il transistor ottico Un transistor ottico, noto anche come interruttore ottico o valvola luminosa, è un dispositivo che commuta o amplifica i segnali ottici. La luce che si verifica sull'ingresso di un transistor ottico cambia l'intensità della luce emessa dall'uscita del transistor mentre la potenza di uscita è fornita da una sorgente ottica aggiuntiva. Poiché l'intensità del segnale di ingresso può essere più debole di quella della sorgente, un transistor ottico amplifica il segnale ottico. Il dispositivo è l'analogo ottico del transistor elettronico che costituisce la base dei moderni dispositivi elettronici. I transistor ottici forniscono un mezzo per controllare la luce u...
Optischer Transistor
Was ist ein optischer Transistor Ein optischer Transistor, auch bekannt als optischer Schalter oder Lichtventil, ist ein Gerät, das optische Signale schaltet oder verstärkt. Licht, das am Eingang eines optischen Transistors auftritt, ändert die Intensität des vom Ausgang des Transistors emittierten Lichts, während die Ausgangsleistung von einer zusätzlichen optischen Quelle geliefert wird. Da die Intensität des Eingangssignals schwächer als die der Quelle sein kann, verstärkt ein optischer Transistor das optische Signal. Das Gerät ist das optische Analogon des elektronischen Transistors, der die Grundlage moderner elektronischer Geräte bildet. Optische Transistoren stellen ein Mit...
Transistor Óptico
O que é transistor óptico Um transistor óptico, também conhecido como interruptor óptico ou válvula de luz, é um dispositivo que comuta ou amplifica sinais ópticos. A luz que ocorre na entrada de um transistor óptico altera a intensidade da luz emitida pela saída do transistor, enquanto a potência de saída é fornecida por uma fonte óptica adicional. Como a intensidade do sinal de entrada pode ser mais fraca que a da fonte, um transistor óptico amplifica o sinal óptico. O dispositivo é o análogo óptico do transistor eletrônico que forma a base dos dispositivos eletrônicos modernos. Os transistores ópticos fornecem um meio de controlar a luz usando apenas luz e têm aplic...
Transistor Optique
Qu'est-ce qu'un transistor optique Un transistor optique, également appelé commutateur optique ou modulateur de lumière, est un dispositif qui commute ou amplifie les signaux optiques. La lumière se produisant sur l'entrée d'un transistor optique modifie l'intensité de la lumière émise par la sortie du transistor tandis que la puissance de sortie est fournie par une source optique supplémentaire. Comme l'intensité du signal d'entrée peut être plus faible que celle de la source, un transistor optique amplifie le signal optique. L'appareil est l'analogue optique du transistor électronique qui constitue la base des appareils électroniques modernes. Les transistors optiques fournis...
Perspectives on Kurdistan's Economy and Society in Transition
The second scientific World Kurdish Congress was held in October 2012 at Hewler with the theme of improving the quality of life, science and culture for progress in Kurdistan. The papers presented focused on various important aspects of culture, economy, education, health, industry and political science in Kurdistan. The objective of this conference was to create a network of academicians to exchange and develop knowledge and work together with the Kurdistan Regional Government on how to further enhance the progress within the Kurdish society. This volume is a collection of 26 studies presented at the Congress and includes an introduction by the editors and a summary report of the Congress. ...
Geometric Phases In Physics
During the last few years, considerable interest has been focused on the phase that waves accumulate when the equations governing the waves vary slowly. The recent flurry of activity was set off by a paper by Michael Berry, where it was found that the adiabatic evolution of energy eigenfunctions in quantum mechanics contains a phase of geometric origin (now known as ‘Berry's phase’) in addition to the usual dynamical phase derived from Schrödinger's equation. This observation, though basically elementary, seems to be quite profound. Phases with similar mathematical origins have been identified and found to be important in a startling variety of physical contexts, ranging from nuclear magnetic resonance and low-Reynolds number hydrodynamics to quantum field theory. This volume is a collection of original papers and reprints, with commentary, on the subject.
Soft Matter Self-assembly
Self-assembly is one of the key concepts in contemporary soft condensed matter. It is an umbrella term which encompasses the various modes of spontaneous organization of micrometer-and submicrometer-sized particles into ordered structures of various degrees of complexity, yet it often relies on remarkably simple interactions and mechanisms. Self-assembly is one of the key principles used by nature to construct living matter, where it frequently takes place in a hierarchical fashion.This book contains the lectures from the Enrico Fermi summer school: Soft Matter Self-assembly, held in Varenna, Italy, in June and July 2015. The primary aim of the school was to cover the most exciting modern as...
