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Die politische Rolle der Europäischen Zentralbank
Die Europäische Zentralbank (EZB) wurde als politisch unabhängige Institution konstituiert. Wie unabhängig ist die EZB heute, und welche möglichen Folgen ergeben sich hieraus? Nicht zuletzt hat die Frage aufgrund der europäischen Finanzkrise an Bedeutung gewonnen. Um die Fragen zu beantworten, werden die rechtlichen, institutionellen Gegebenheiten und operativen Aktivitäten der EZB dargestellt und analysiert. Zudem wird das Spannungsfeld zwischen der Unabhängigkeit der Zentralbank und der demokratischen Legitimation im Kontext des europäischen Politiksystems erörtert, Grenzen aufgezeigt und lösungsorientierte Ansätze, wie etwa eine europäische Wirtschaftsregierung, diskutiert.
Die Vielfalt unionaler Rechtsetzungsverfahren
Das Verfassungsrecht der Europaischen Union zeichnet sich durch ein uberaus vielfaltiges Verfahrensrecht zum Erlass verbindlicher Rechtsakte aus. Die Unterschiede zwischen den 70 verschiedenen Verfahren manifestieren sich dabei sowohl in variierenden Verfahrenskategorien mit unterschiedlichen rechtlichen Implikationen als auch in wechselnden Akteuren und Ablaufen. Nicholas Otto untersucht, auf welche Strukturentscheidungen, Gesetzmassigkeiten und Wertungen diese Binnendifferenzierungen zuruckzufuhren sind, und macht diese als Funktions- und Organisationslogiken deutlich. Dabei rekonstruiert er nicht nur staatsanalog anmutende Phanomene wie die "Gesetzgebungsverfahren" als unionsspezifische Verfahrenskategorie, sondern beleuchtet beispielsweise auch, inwieweit das Konzept dualer Legitimation geeignet ist, die variablen Verfahrenskonfigurationen unter Beteiligung des Rates und des Europaischen Parlaments adaquat abzubilden. Die Arbeit wurde mit dem Dissertationspreis 2021 der Westfalischen Wilhelms-Universitat Munster ausgezeichnet.
Correct System Design
Computers are gaining more and more control over systems that we use or rely on in our daily lives, privately as well as professionally. In safety-critical applications, as well as in others, it is of paramount importance that systems controled by a computer or computing systems themselves reliably behave in accordance with the specification and requirements, in other words: here correctness of the system, of its software and hardware is crucial. In order to cope with this callenge, software engineers and computer scientists need to understand the foundations of programming, how different formal theories are linked together, how compilers correctly translate high-level programs into machine code, and why transformations performed are justifiable. This book presents 17 mutually reviewed invited papers organized in sections on methodology, programming, automation, compilation, and application.
Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the First International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, ISoLA 2004, held in Paphos, Cyprus in October/November 2004. The 12 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from more than 70 submissions. The papers discuss issues related to the adoption and use of rigorous tools and methods for the specification, analysis, verification, certification, construction, test, and maintenance of systems. In particular, by discussing common problems, requirements, algorithms, methodologies, and practices, ISoLA aims at supporting researchers in their quest to improve the utility, reliability, flexibility, and efficiency of tools for building systems, and users in their search for adequate solutions to their problems.
Ultrashort Pulse Laser Technology
Ultrashort laser pulses with durations in the femtosecond range up to a few picoseconds provide a unique method for precise materials processing or medical applications. Paired with the recent developments in ultrashort pulse lasers, this technology is finding its way into various application fields. The book gives a comprehensive overview of the principles and applications of ultrashort pulse lasers, especially applied to medicine and production technology. Recent advances in laser technology are discussed in detail. This covers the development of reliable and cheap low power laser sources as well as high average power ultrashort pulse lasers for large scale manufacturing. The fundamentals of laser-matter-interaction as well as processing strategies and the required system technology are discussed for these laser sources with respect to precise materials processing. Finally, different applications within medicine, measurement technology or materials processing are highlighted.
Abstract State Machines - Theory and Applications
The ASM 2000 workshop was held in the conference center of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) at Monte Verit a, Canton Ticino, March 19-24, 2000. The ASM formalism was proposed together with the thesis that it is suitable to model arbitrary computer systems on arbitrary abstraction levels. ASMs have been successfully used to analyze and specify various hardware and software systems including numerous computer languages. The aim of the workshop was to bring together domain-experts, using ASMs as a practical speci cation method, and theorists working with ASMs and related methods. In addition the workshop served as a forum on theoretical and practical topics that relate to ASMs in...
Biological Transformation
The global population is expected to rise to 9.8 billion by the year 2050 - with everyone ultimately striving for prosperity. New methods must therefore be found to achieve more efficient production. Research to date shows that the biological inventory that has evolved: its products, processes, principles and tools, can spur modern technology. The development of technological innovations based on biological concepts, with the goal of particularly innovative and sustainable value creation, today is collectively known as "biological transformation". It results in highly functional products with striking properties that can be both manufactured and utilized in a resource-saving way. In terms of taking responsibility of the good of all people, biological transformation is therefore a path that applied research will have to take. The Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft has recognized the developmental technology potential of biological transformation and sees it as its task not only to drive the relevant research forward, but also to promote public awareness of the topic.
Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems
This book presents the refereed proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS '96, held in Passau, Germany in March 1996. The book presents 19 revised full papers selected from a total of 47 submissions together with 11 tool presentations and 3 invited papers. The collection of papers addresses all current aspects of the design and analysis of distributed systems; the volume is organized in topical sections on tools, model checking and testing, security, models and methods, case studies, and logic and programs.
