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Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequent gynecological malignancy in the developed world. Optimal treatment of EC depends on early diagnosis and pre-operative stratification to appropriately select the extent of surgery and to plan further therapeutic approaches. Currently, endometrial histology is the gold standard for diagnosis, as there are no valid non-invasive methods available, and patient stratification is based on histopathology and surgical findings.
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
The continuation of an annual series, Enzymology and Molecular Biology of Carbonyl Metabolism is the largest collection of articles on the three major gene families. The scope of the chapters, contributed by leading international scientists, is wide and covers gene regulation to enzyme mechanisms and protein structure. This is the only publication dealing in such depth with just three gene families. It is an important reference for researchers in toxicology and molecular biology.
Steroid hormones have important roles in human physiology, but they are also implicated in the development of hormone-dependent cancers and various non-maligant diseases. Furthermore, changes in the concentrations of steroid hormones have important effects on the homeostasis of pre- and post-menopausal women, as well as of men in andropause. The associations of steroid hormones with pathophysiological processes and the altered mechanisms of their actions in disease are still not completely understood. It has been known for more than thirty years that in addition to their endocrine activity, steroid hormones act in an intracrine manner. In target organs, active androgens and estrogens can be ...
Most information on yeasts derives from experiments with the conventional yeasts Saccaromyces cerevisiae and Schizossaccharomyces pombe, the complete nuclear and mitochondrial genome of which has also been sequenced. For all other non-conventional yeasts, investigations are in progress and the rapid development of molecular techniques has allowed an insight also into a variety of non-conventional yeasts. In this bench manual, over 70 practical protocols using 15 different non-conventional yeast species and in addition several protocols of general use are described in detail. All of these experiments on the genetics, biochemistry and biotechnology of yeasts have been contributed by renowned laboratories and have been reproduced many times. The reliable protocols are thus ideally suited also for undergraduate and graduate practical courses.
*This Research Topic is a continuation of "Endometriosis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment"* Endometriosis is a benign gynecological condition that causes pain symptoms and infertility; these symptoms may significantly impair quality of life. It affects at least 4% of reproductive age women. Over the last 20 year several improvements have been made in the understanding of the molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis which however remains to be fully elucidated. Transvaginal ultrasonography is the first line imaging technique used for the diagnosis of endometriosis, radiological imaging (such as magnetic resonance imaging and virtual colonoscopy) can be used for p...
Steroid Biochemistry, Volume 688 in the Methods of Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, containing chapters on a variety of timely topics, including Cytochrome P450 Enzyme, Steroidogenic P450s (CYP11A1, 17A1, 21A2, 11B1, and 11B5), Steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (Cytochrome P450 17A1), Enzymes of Estrogen Biosynthesis, Aromatase and Steroid Sulfatase, Estrogenic 17b-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase, Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases (HSD), 3a-Hydroxyssteroid Dehydrogenase, Approaches to Measuring 3b-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1, 3b-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2, and much more. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in Methods in Enzymology serials - Updated release includes the latest information on Steroid Biochemistry
The endometrium is a remarkable, resilient, hormone-dependent tissue that prepares each month for the arrival of a blastocyst and the subsequent establishment of pregnancy. If no pregnancy occurs, endometrial tissue surrounding the uterine cavity breaks down releasing tissue fragments, blood, and fluid into the lumen during menstruation. The appearance of 'blood' in the vagina is the hallmark of menstruation, and in a modern society with low birth rate, may occur 400 times during a woman's fertile, reproductive life. Menstruation only occurs in a few species, and is linked to terminal differentiation of stromal cells (decidualization) in response to ovarian steroids. During menstruation the endometrium resembles a bloody wound with a strong inflammatory response. The endometrium is almost unique amongst adult tissues in the rapid resolution of inflammation and restoration of the surface without forming a scar or fibrotic response.