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Tourism Development in Post-Soviet Nations
Former communist countries face unique issues in developing and marketing tourism businesses, communities, and attractions because of centralized polices that discouraged international influences. While soviet economies relied on state policies to facilitate community development, the success of capitalism lies in access to a variety of resources, such as the environment, fiscal services, infrastructure, and market knowledge at the local level. Moreover, communal societies potentially possess social capital that can provide unique economic development opportunities. This book incorporates a regional perspective that widens the tourism development debate to include theoretical analyses, applied research, and case studies that document the broader successes and challenges that affect tourism stakeholders and addresses the necessary elements that facilitate a comprehensive tourism development strategy in emerging and transitioning former communist countries.
Smart Analysis of Tourism Policy Efficiency in Bulgaria for the Period 1980-2017
The purpose of this study is to determine the role of tourism in the economy of Bulgaria. In this paper, we present the history of the Bulgarian tourism industry trends from the beginning to its contemporary policy patterns. We apply an econometric methodology consisting of unit root test, cointegration analysis, linear regression, correlation analysis, Granger causality test and 3-D visualizations by IBM Watson Studio based on the statistics for the period 1980-2017. Exploring the link between tourism and the economic development of Bulgaria, the tourism – led - growth hypothesis about Bulgaria is validated for the post-communism period. Our findings show that a relationship between tourism and Bulgaria’s economic development exists. We can conclude that tourism is in part an endogenous growth process.
Modelling the City
Modelling the City focuses on European towns and cities, analysing the opportunities and limitations of modelling of urban space. This book examines how urban space from the past is discovered, explained and presented. It discusses the multitude of historical sources mediating the past urban space, and the structural, technical, and epistemological issues raised around building a domain ontology, including continuity, and change within urban forms and functions. Presentation of a formal domain ontology in spatial humanities makes this book unique and worth reading. It is strongly recommended to readers interested in the linked open data approach to research, data standards in Digital Humanities, urban planning, and old maps.
Community-Based Tourism in the Developing World
This book analyses community-based approaches to developing and regenerating tourism destinations in the developing world, addressing this central issue in sustainable tourism practices. It reviews a variety of systems useful for analysing and understanding management issues to offer new insight into the skills and resources that are needed for implementation, ongoing monitoring and review of community-based tourism. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, this book explores alternatives to the dominant interpretation which argues against tourism as a benefit for community development. International case studies throughout the book illustrate and vouch for tourism as a transformative force wh...
Second Environmental Performance Review
The report details the progress made by Belarus in the management of its environment since the country was first reviewed in 1997. Among the issues receiving special attention during the review were: compliance and enforcement mechanisms; information, public participation and education; and environmental management in industry, energy, transport, agriculture and ecotourism.
Environmental Performance Reviews
This series assists countries to improve their environmental policies by making concrete recommendations for better policy design and implementation. It helps integrate environmental policies into sector-specific policies such as those in agriculture, energy, transport and health. The present publication contains the third Environmental Performance Review of Belarus. It takes stock of progress made by Belarus in the management of its environment since the country was reviewed for the second time in 2005. It assesses the implementation of the recommendations made in the second review. It also covers issues of specific importance to the country related to legal and policy frameworks, the financing of environmental policies, greening the economy, and integrating environmental concerns into selected sectors, in particular air protection, water management, waste management, biodiversity, forests and protected areas, energy, agriculture, transport, forestry, tourism, environmental education and education for sustainable development, human settlements and health
Belarus
This new, thoroughly updated edition of Bradt's Belarus remains the only full-blown standalone guide to the most westerly of the constituent republics that formed the Soviet Union prior to the break-up in 1991. Written and updated by expert author and Russian speaker Nigel Roberts, who has been travelling throughout the country for over 17 years, it is the definitive guide to understanding, and making the most of a visit to this much-misunderstood nation. Included in this new edition is a detailed focus on the capital city Minsk, the most likely destination for first-time travellers and now becoming a major European capital city thanks to an easing of visa regulations, as well as coverage of...
Europe in the Caucasus, Caucasus in Europe
This volume emphasizes the movements of ideas in both directions--from Europe to the Caucasus and from the Caucasus to Europe. This illuminates a variety of issues, including rivalries between different systems, interaction between the South Caucasus and the European Union, and different ways of using European experiences for domestic reform.
Environmental Performance Reviews
Introduction dated April 1997
Cultural Attractions and European Tourism
This book reviews the cultural tourism market in Europe from a survey carried out in 1997. It analyzes the way in which cultural attractions are produced for, and used by, cultural tourists and how such cultural attractions as museums, art galleries, monuments and heritage attractions are marketed.
