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How Do Member Countries Receive IMF Policy Advice: Results from a State-of-the-art Sentiment Index
This paper applies state-of-the-art deep learning techniques to develop the first sentiment index measuring member countries’ reception of IMF policy advice at the time of Article IV Consultations. This paper finds that while authorities of member countries largely agree with Fund advice, there is variation across country size, external openness, policy sectors and their assessed riskiness, political systems, and commodity export intensity. The paper also looks at how sentiment changes during and after a financial arrangement or program with the Fund, as well as when a country receives IMF technical assistance. The results shed light on key aspects on Fund surveillance while redefining how the IMF can view its relevance, value added, and traction with its member countries.
Medical Aspects of Proteases and Protease Inhibitors
The work presents articles on proteases and their inhibitors as mediators of biological functions. Topics addressed: cathepsin B and L; MHC and peptide interaction; procathepsin L; cysteine proteinases; selective neuronal cell death; HIV and influenza virus; tumor invasion; gingivitis; bacterial infection. Readers: professionals in the area of molecular medicine, biochemists, molecular biologists, clinical pharmacologists, pharmaceutical companies.
2021 Comprehensive Surveillance Review — Overview Paper
Fund surveillance needs to evolve to face the economic and financial challenges that will shape the global landscape for years to come. This paper first takes stock of the current economic and financial landscape. To better serve the membership in this context, Fund surveillance should be prioritized around four key priorities: (i) confronting risks and uncertainties: policymakers will need to actively manage the risks of a highly uncertain outlook; (ii) preempting and mitigating adverse spillovers: shifting patterns of global economic integration will bring about new channels for contagion and policy spillovers; (iii) fostering economic sustainability: a broader understanding of sustainability to better account for the impact of economic and non-economic developments on stability; and (iv) unified policy advice: better accounting for the trade-offs and synergies among different policy combinations in the face of limited policy space and overlapping priorities, tailored to country-specific circumstances. These priorities should further enhance the traction of Fund surveillance.
Financial Cryptography and Data Security
This double volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security, FC 2021, held online due to COVID-19, in March 2021. The 47 revised full papers and 4 short papers together with 3 as Systematization of Knowledge (SoK) papers were carefully selected and reviewed from 223 submissions. The accepted papers were organized according to their topics in 12 sessions: Smart Contracts, Anonymity and Privacy in Cryptocurrencies, Secure Multi-Party Computation, System and Application Security, Zero-Knowledge Proofs, Blockchain Protocols, Payment Channels, Mining, Scaling Blockchains, Authentication and Usability, Measurement, and Cryptography.
2021 Comprehensive Surveillance Review— Background Paper on Traction
This paper presents traction as a multidimensional concept and discusses a comprehensive and complementary set of approaches to attempt to measure it based on the Fund’s value added to policy dialogue and formulation and public debate in member countries.
Mikrobiologia kliniczna
Zawartość tej książki: Lista pasożytów ludzi, Pasożyty wewnętrzne, Pasożyty zewnętrzne, mikrobiologia kliniczna, Atmosfera i długość inkubacji, Szybka identyfikacja po uprawie, Testy konwencjonalne, Szybkie testy antygenowe, Systemy identyfikacji mikrobiologicznej oparte na profilu biochemicznym, Identyfikacja oparta na komórkowych kwasach tłuszczowych, Techniki ekstrakcji kwasu nukleinowego, metody z wynikami elektroforetycznymi, oparte na enzymach restrykcyjnych, oparte na PCR, DNA metody oparte na sekwencjach, interakcja gospodarz-patogen, patogeniczność, kontekstowe interakcje żywiciela, obecne patogenne metody leczenia, przyszłe kierunki, choroby zakaźne, zakres, bad...
Mikrobiologia medyczna I: Patogeny i mikrobiom ludzki
Istnieje kilka dróg, którymi patogeny mogą zaatakować żywiciela. Główne szlaki mają różne epizodyczne ramy czasowe, ale gleba ma najdłuższy lub najbardziej trwały potencjał do przenoszenia patogenu. Choroby ludzi wywoływane przez czynniki zakaźne nazywane są chorobami patogennymi. Ludzki mikrobiom jest agregatem wszystkich microbiota które znajdują się na lub w ludzkich tkankach i płynach wraz z odpowiednimi anatomicznymi miejscami, w których przebywają, w tym na skórze, gruczołach sutkowych, łożysku, płynie nasiennym, macicy, pęcherzykach jajnikowych, płucach, ślinie, błonie śluzowej jamy ustnej, spojówce, drogach żółciowych i przewód pokarmowy. Treść...
