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The difference among pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells, and unipotent stem cells is pointed out. Vast therapeutic applications of the following specific stem cells in disease and tissue injury are discussed: human embryonic stem cells, human mesenchymal stem cells, germ cell-derived pluripotent stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells, breast tumor stem cells,and hematopoietic stem cells. Because of the potential of human embryonic stem cells to produce unlimited quantities of any human cell type, considerable focus is placed on their therapeutic potential. Because of their pluripotency, these cells have been used in various appli...
This book covers conventional clinical treatment methods for handling bone, cartilage, and related disorders along with their limitations and highlights the current state of the art of tissue engineering as an alternative for regenerating such defective tissue. Potential biomimetic scaffolding materials and their development, desired properties, modifications, and optimizations are described. The design and advancement in fabrication, characterization, properties, and biological functions of scaffolds, their integration with stem cells, and various bioreactor systems for tissue regeneration are presented. It further reviews in vitro and in vivo (pre-clinical) assessments of tissue constructs...
This book will examine the relevant biological subjects involved in biomimetic microengineering as well as the design and implementation methods of such engineered microdevices. Physiological topics covered include regeneration of complex responses of our body on a cellular, tissue, organ, and inter-organ level. Technological concepts in cell and tissue engineering, stem cell biology, microbiology, biomechanics, materials science, micro- and nanotechnology, and synthetic biology are highlighted to increase understanding of the transdisciplinary methods used to create the more complex, robust biomimetic engineered models. The effectiveness of the new bioinspired microphysiological systems as ...
This book provides an overview of established 3D cell culture assays from leaders in the field. Their contributions cover a wide spectrum of techniques and approaches for 3D cell culture, from organoid cultures through organotypic models to microfluidic approaches and emerging 3D bioprinting techniques, which are used in developmental, stem cell, cancer, and pharmacological studies, among many others. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, 3D Cell Culture: Methods and Protocols aims to inspire researchers to develop novel 3D cell culture techniques according to their specific scientific needs and interests, leading to a new generation of physiologically relevant and realistic 3D cell cultures. Chapter 15 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
In 1994 Professor Bryan Sykes, a renowned world authority on genetics, was called in to examine the frozen remains of a man trapped in ice in northern Italy. News of the discovery of the Ice Man and his age which Professor Sykes put at over five thousand years old, fascinated the world. But what made the story particularly extraordinary was that Professor Sykes was also able to track down a genetic ancestor of the Ice Man, a woman living in Britain today. How was he able to locate a living relative of a man who died thousands of years beforehand? In THE SEVEN DAUGHHTERS OF EVE, Bryan Sykes tells us of his scientific research into a strand of DNA, known as . mithocondrial DNA, which passes un...
The identification of normal and breast cancer stem cells has offered a new vision of this heterogeneous disease and new hopes for its prognosis and treatment. This volume provides an overview of recent developments in mammary stem cell research and discusses the many varieties of approaches used by researchers to investigate the properties and functions of mammary stem cells. The beginning chapters provide readers with an introduction to mammary stem cells, and the processes used to characterize stem cells and isolate them via fluorescent activated cell sorting. The next few chapters discuss DNA and mRNA sequencing, proteomic techniques to help profile cells, lentiviral cell transduction fo...
The major reason for the elevated costs of drug development in the pharmaceutical industry is the high attrition rate. In Target Identification and Validation in Drug Discovery: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field detail many of the methods which are now commonly used to identify and validate new target. These include methods and approaches covering biochemical, cell based, in vivo models and translational methods. Chapters also include selected case reports that demonstrate the integration of these technologies to real life experiences and to demonstrate the multiple use of more than one technology to increase knowledge on a specific target. These Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, the chapters include the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results in the laboratory. Thorough and intuitive, Target Identification and Validation in Drug Discovery: Methods and Protocols contains a comprehensive list of essential methods and clear protocols to follow.