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The Cristero movement is an essential part of the Mexican Revolution. When in 1926 relations between Church and state, old enemies and old partners, eventually broke down, when the churches closed and the liturgy was suspended, Rome, Washington and Mexico, without ever losing their heads, embarked upon a long game of chess. These years were crucial, because they saw the setting up of the contemporary political system. The state established its omnipotence, supported by a bureaucratic apparatus and a strong privileged class. Just at the moment when the state thought that it was finally supreme, at the moment at which it decided to take control of the Church, the Cristero movement arose, a spontaneous mass movement, particularly of peasants, unique in its spread, its duration, and its popular character. For obvious reasons, the existing literature has both denied its reality and slandered it.
This thesis will examine the role of women in the Cristero rebellion, the popular uprising that resulted from the political battle between the revolutionary Mexican state and the Catholic Church between 1926 and 1929. My focus will be primarily on the state of Jalisco, one of the regions in which cristero support and organization was most vociferous. Many women in Jalisco were willing to support the Church, if not in battle, in the form of organizational units or lay Catholic organizations. An example of one such organizational unit which this thesis will examine was the Brigadas Femeninas de Santa Juana de Arco (Feminine Brigades of St. Joan of Arc), founded in the town of Zapopan in 1926. ...
Between 1926 and 1929, thousands of Mexicans fought and died in an attempt to overthrow the government of their country. They were the Cristeros, so called because of their battle cry, ¡Viva Cristo Rey!—Long Live Christ the King! The Cristero rebellion and the church-state conflict remain one of the most controversial subjects in Mexican history, and much of the writing on it is emotional polemic. David C. Bailey, basing his study on the most important published and unpublished sources available, strikes a balance between objective reporting and analysis. This book depicts a national calamity in which sincere people followed their convictions to often tragic ends. The Cristero rebellion c...