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Black Caribs - Garifuna Saint Vincent' Exiled People
The story begins in South America, where people who spoke Arawak-an Amerindian language fashioned a culture based on yuca or cassava farming, hunting and fishing in a dense forest cut by many rivers. By the year 1000 AD some of them had moved up the Orinoco River to the Caribbean Sea and it's islands, where they established a new way of life. Later other people, whom history has called "Caribs," moved into the Caribbean out of the same areas. The Caribs welcomed and protected the Negro refugees, and in time allowed them to marry the Caribs. The Africans then adopted the languages, culture and traditions of the Yellow Island Caribs. The intermarriage brought about a rapid growth of hybrid mixture of African and Yellow Indians Caribs. From this union arose a half-bred race possessing some Caribs and African characteristics to which the name Garifuna or Black Carib was given.
The Black Carib Wars
In The Black Carib Wars, author Christopher Taylor offers the fullest, most thoroughly researched history of the Garifuna people of St. Vincent, and their uneasy conflicts and alliances with Great Britain and France. The Garifuna--whose descendants were native Carib Indians, Arawaks and West African slaves brought to the Caribbean--were free citizens of St. Vincent. Beginning in the mid-1700s, they clashed with a number of colonial powers who claimed ownership of the island and its people. Upon the Garifuna's eventual defeat by the British in 1796, the people were dispersed to Central America. Today, roughly 600,000 descendants of the Garifuna live in Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, Nicaragua, ...
Among the Garifuna
Part I, "The Old Ways," consists of vignettes that introduce the family backstory with dialogue as imagined by Wells based on the family history she was told. We meet the family progenitors, Margaret and Cervantes Diego, during their courtship, experience Margaret's pain as Cervantes takes a second wife, witness the death of Cervantes and ensuing mourning rituals, follow the return of Margaret and the children to their previous home in British Honduras, and observe the emergence of the children's personalities. In Part II, "Living There," Wells continues the story when she arrives in Belize and meets the Diego children, including the major protagonist, Tas. In Tas's household Wells learns about foods and manners and watches family squabbles and reconciliations. In these mini-stories, Wells interweaves cultural information on the Garifuna people with first-person narrative and transcription of their words, assembling these into an enthralling slice of life.
The Belizean Garifuna
In 1797, the Caribbean island of St. Vincent had been in English hands for more than thirty years. A medley of Indians and escaped slaves (the Black Caribs) that did not wish to recognise the English rule lived in the north of the island. The governor dec
Afro Central Americans in New York City
Descended from African maroons and the Island Carib on colonial St. Vincent, and later exiled to Honduras, the Garifuna way of life combines elements of African, Island Carib, and colonial European culture. Beginning in the 1940s, this cultural matrix became even more complex as Garifuna began migrating to the United States, forming communities in the cities of New York, New Orleans, and Los Angeles. Moving between a village on the Caribbean coast of Honduras and the New York City neighborhoods of the South Bronx and Harlem, England traces the daily lives, experiences, and grassroots organizing of the Garifuna. Concentrating on how family life, community life, and grassroots activism are car...
Surviving the Americas
Extant research on black students at white colleges has often examined how black students experience several academic and social challenges, but few studies examine how black students exert agency to successfully navigate their college environment, and resist or oppose the racial hostility they experience in predominately white spaces. Black student campus organizations were born out of the black campus movement in the 1960s in response to racist institutional practices in higher education. These organizations were established to create safe spaces that shielded students from racial inequality in predominately white spaces, as well as providing opportunities for students to celebrate black c...
Insurrectional Resistance of the Garifuna Revolution
This book describes the other side of the vilified and untold story of the Garinagu people and highlights the peculiarity of its historical codes.The author poses a problem of analysis for the nature of colonial ideas that were founded on the project of constructing visions and realities about the world and the historical, social, political and economic decisions and cultural changes.Starting from the idea that the construction of historical reality, as well as the hierarchies of peoples formed during several centuries of colonial expansion, was significantly transformed through a transition from modern colonialism to global colonialism, a process that certainly generated in the population, ...
Sojourners in the Capital of the World
A comprehensive history and insider’s account of the Garifuna in New York City from 1943 to the present day. In recent years, Latinos—primarily Central American migrants—crossing the southern border of the United States have dominated the national media, as the legitimacy of their detention and of U.S. immigration policy in general is debated by partisan politicians and pundits. Among these migrants seeking economic opportunities and fleeing violence from gangs and drug traffickers are many Central American Garifuna. This fascinating book is the long-overdue account—written by a Garifuna New Yorker—of the ways that Garifuna immigrants from Guatemala, Belize, and Honduras have organ...
