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Technological Change and Labor Markets
In developed countries like the US, Germany and the UK it has been observed that workers who perform non-routine activities, either cognitive or manual, have benefited in terms of employment and income, while those performing routinary tasks have seen their job prospects and wages decline. This has led to a polarization of the labor markets and to a decrease in certain measures of inequality. This phenomenon has been attributed to task-biased technological change (TBTC), which differs from the skilled biased technological change in the fact that not only highly skilled workers have benefited from technology advancement. This book presents evidence of how digitalization and task-biased techno...
The Political Economy of Transnational Power and Production
The Political Economy of Transnational Power and Production: Mexico's Metamorphosis 1982-2022 How and why Mexico’s socioeconomic structure was transformed through plutocratic preferences, US corporate strategies, and ideology—all powering transnational processes of neoliberalization—are issues examined in this comprehensive, carefully documented publication covering four crucial decades of metamorphosis. The causes and consequences of the creation of a new, regional power bloc—the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)—are extensively examined. Readers will benefit from the many important demystifications presented here, chronicling the asymmetric Mexico-US production system. ...
Tecnologías disruptivas del proceso de globalización
El fenómeno global y globalizante de las innovaciones disruptivas suele estudiarse desde una óptica meramente técnica. Pero las innovaciones disruptivas son también un fenómeno cultural que reclama una mirada desde la óptica de las humanidades. Aunque el fenómeno `disruptivo' no apareció de repente a finales del siglo pasado, se impone inicialmente un escrutinio detallado del pensamiento económico que encapsuló, a modo de credo, el fenómeno disruptivo como una realidad sui generis del más reciente proceso globalizador. Tal análisis aporta la singular paradoja de que el fenómeno disruptivo carecería de un marco teórico válido que permita no solo explicar, sino anticipar su di...
La rutinización del empleo en México
Recientemente la literatura pone a discusión la Hipótesis de Cambio Tecnológico Sesgado por Rutina (HCTR), la cual manifiesta la presencia de una polarización del empleo que favorece a trabajadores de alta y baja habilidad en detrimento de los trabajadores que realizan tareas rutinarias, sin embargo, dicha hipótesis probada en países como México, podría mostrar resultados contrarios, por tal motivo, el objetivo de este trabajo es verificar si la HCTR se ha observado en este país. Para tal efecto se utiliza información de la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo (ENOE) de 2012 a 2018; se analizan los salarios y la cantidad de mano de obra que realiza tareas abstractas, rutinarias y manuales; finalmente, se estiman regresiones cuantílicas para obtener los retornos al salario para cada uno de los grupos en los distintos niveles de la distribución del ingreso.JEL: J21, 033.
Spatializing Social Media
Spatializing Social Media charts the theoretical and methodological challenges in analyzing and visualizing social media data mapped to geographic areas. It introduces the reader to concepts, theories, and methods that sit at the crossroads between spatial and social network analysis to unpack the conceptual differences between online and face-to-face social networks and the nonlinear effects triggered by social activity that overlaps online and offline. The book is divided into four sections, with the first accounting for the differences between space (the geometrical arrangements that structure and enable forms of interaction) and place (the mechanisms through which social meanings are att...
Qualitative Research in European Migration Studies
This open access book covers the main issues, challenges and techniques concerning the application of qualitative methodologies to the study of migration. It discusses theoretical, epistemological and empirical questions that must be considered before, during, and after undertaking qualitative research in migration studies. It also covers recent innovative developments and addresses the key issues and major challenges that qualitative migration research may face at different stages i.e. crafting the research questions, defining approaches, developing concepts and theoretical frameworks, mapping categories, selecting cases, dealing with concerns of self-reflection, collecting and processing e...
Inequality and the Labor Market
Exploring a new agenda to improve outcomes for American workers As the United States continues to struggle with the impact of the devastating COVID-19 recession, policymakers have an opportunity to redress the competition problems in our labor markets. Making the right policy choices, however, requires a deep understanding of long-term, multidimensional problems. That will be solved only by looking to the failures and unrealized opportunities in anti-trust and labor law. For decades, competition in the U.S. labor market has declined, with the result that American workers have experienced slow wage growth and diminishing job quality. While sluggish productivity growth, rising globalization, a...
(Mis)Understanding Political Participation
The practices of participation and engagement are characterised by complexities and contradictions. All celebratory examples of uses of social media, e.g. in the Arab spring, the Occupy movement or in recent LGBTQ protests, are deeply rooted in human practices. Because of this connection, every case of mediated participation should be perceived as highly contextual and cannot be attributed to one (social) specific media logic, necessitating detailed empirical studies to investigate the different contexts of political and civic engagement. In this volume, the theoretical chapters discuss analytical frameworks that can enrich our understanding of current contexts and practices of mediated participation. The empirical studies explore the implications of the new digital conditions for the ways in which digitally mediated social interactions, practices and environments shape everyday participation, engagement or protest and their subjective as well societal meaning.
Research Methodologies and Ethical Challenges in Digital Migration Studies
This OA book investigates the methodological and ethical dilemmas involved when working with digital technologies and large-scale datasets in relation to ethnographic studies of digital migration practices and trajectories. Digital technologies reshape not only every phase of the migration process itself (by providing new ways to access, to share and preserve relevant information) but also the activities of other actors, from solidarity networks to border control agencies. In doing so, digital technologies create a whole new set of ethical and methodological challenges for migration studies: from data access to data interpretation, privacy protection, and research ethics more generally. Of s...
