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Covers receipts and expenditures of appropriations and other funds.
With Brazil’s largest concentration of historic landmarks and famous landscapes, Rio de Janeiro’s passionate heritage debates have helped to define both the city and the country. Taking a critical preservationist stance, Brian Godfrey explores how historic designation and urban rebranding have shaped Rio’s distinctive sense of place. Official heritage programs date from the 1930s, when federal authorities centralized power and promoted nationalism. The city began a heritage-based strategy of urban revitalization and rebranding in the 1980s––the “Cultural Corridor” of historic places downtown. Subsequent rediscovery of the old “Little Africa” district and continuing struggle...
In a thoughtful and engaging critique, geographer Martin W. Lewis and historian Karen Wigen re-examine the basic geographical divisions we take for granted. Their up-to-the-minute study reflects both on the global scale and its relation to the specific continents of Europe, Asia, and Africa actually part of one contiguous landmass. Photos. maps.
This global environmental and political history “will redefine the way we think about the European colonial project” (Observer). “ . . . sets the triumph of the late 19th-century Western imperialism in the context of catastrophic El Niño weather patterns at that time . . . groundbreaking, mind-stretching.” —The Independent Examining a series of El Niño-induced droughts and the famines that they spawned around the globe in the last third of the 19th century, Mike Davis discloses the intimate, baleful relationship between imperial arrogance and natural incident that combined to produce some of the worst tragedies in human history. Late Victorian Holocausts focuses on three zones of...
Language, vision and music: what common cognitive patterns underlie our competence in these disparate modes of thought? Language (natural & formal), vision and music seem to share at least the following attributes: a hierarchical organisation of constituents, recursivity, metaphor, the possibility of self-reference, ambiguity, and systematicity. Can we propose the existence of a general symbol system with instantiations in these three modes or is the only commonality to be found at the level of such entities as cerebral columnar automata? Answers are to be found in this international collection of work which recognises that one of the basic features of consciousness is its MultiModality, that there are possibilities to model this with contemporary technology, and that cross-cultural commonalities in the experience of, and creativity within, the various modalities are significant. With the advent of Intelligent MultiMedia this aspect of consciousness implementation in mind/brain acquires new significance. (Series B)
Written for Edexcel B AS and A2 geography, this student book uses case studies to illustrate key concepts. It has opportunities for fieldwork, independent research and ICT, as well as focused questions to enhance learning.
The leading edge of computer science research is notoriously ?ckle. New trends come and go with alarming and unfailing regularity. In such a rapidly changing ?eld, the fact that research interest in a subject lasts more than a year is worthy of note. The fact that, after ?ve years, interest not only remains, but actually continues to grow is highly unusual. As 1998 marked the ?fth birthday of the International Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages (ATAL), it seemed appropriate for the organizers of the original workshop to comment on this remarkable growth, and re ect on how the ?eld has developed and matured. The ?rst ATAL workshop was co-located with the Eleventh Europea...
This volume coherently present 24 thoroughly revised full papers accepted for the ECAI-94 Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages. There is currently considerable interest, from both the AI and the mainstream CS communities, in conceptualizing and building complex computer systems as collections of intelligent agents. This book is devoted to theoretical and practical aspects of architectural and language-related design and implementation issues of software agents. Particularly interesting is the comprehensive survey by the volume editors, which outlines the key issues and indicates, via a comprehensive bibliography, topics for further reading. In addition, a glossary of key terms in this emerging field and a comprehensive subject index is included.
Environmental Systems and Societies for the IB Diploma follows the latest syllabus for first examination in 2017. Environmental Systems and Societies for the IB Diploma, 2nd edition, encourages critical and reflective thinking skills and promotes international-mindedness. ESL Speakers are supported throughout with a focus on vocabulary and straightforward explanation of topics appropriate for SL students. Real-world case studies bring theory to life and motivate students to delve into current global issues. Theory of Knowledge is integrated throughout with added discussion points to spark debate in class. Exam-style questions build skills on analysis, evaluation and interpretation. Additional teacher support offers help with planning lessons, differentiated learning and guidance about the Internal Assessment, fieldwork, exam preparation and Extended Essay.
In this book, the author, in the backdrop of his vast and varied experience, looks at the major challenges confronting the country after about six decades of her 'tryst with destiny'. The analysis done indicates how these challenges have arisen, how deep-rooted infirmities of the Indian state and society have remained untackled, how a leadership with a great vision and will has not emerged at various levels of public life and how the current culture of superficiality has prevented the nation from perceiving the dangers that lie ahead. But the book is not restricted to analysis alone. Nor does it limit itself to viewing the fall-out of India's failed 'tryst with destiny'. It offers a new architecture for reshaping this 'destiny' and looking forward to another tryst. Shri Jagmohan, with his characteristic candour, observes: "The light of freedom about which Jawaharlal Nehru spoke so eloquently on the night of August 14-15, 1947, was too weak to pierce through the darkness created by the heaps of garbage which India had collected in her courtyards during the long period of her social and cultural degeneration."