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Implication of Oxysterols and Phytosterols in Aging and Human Diseases
This book provides basic knowledge of the biology, chemistry, and function of oxysterols and its derivatives as well as of phytosterols in numerous human diseases. The book is divided into six sections and begins with an introduction to the biological and chemical properties of oxysterols and its derivatives as well as phytosterols, their synthesis, and the methods currently used for their detection in various biospecimens. The following section discusses in detail the various effects of oxysterols on numerous human diseases, including infectious diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, atherosclerosis, and cancer, as well as neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Importantly, t...
Peroxisome Biology: Experimental Models, Peroxisomal Disorders and Neurological Diseases
This book provides an overview of the biology and biochemistry of peroxisomes, and discusses the contribution of these organelles to peroxisomal and neurodegenerative diseases. It begins with a detailed introduction to the biogenesis and metabolic functions of peroxisomes, and highlights their role in oxidative stress and in lipid metabolism such as fatty acid oxidation. The following chapters focus on the molecular and clinical aspects of peroxisomal disorders caused by defects in peroxisomal function. In particular, the biological aspects of peroxisomal biogenesis disorders such as Zellweger syndrome and Heimler syndrome are discussed. This includes their underlying genetic causes as well ...
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Visualization of Nucleic Acids
This book presents a review of the principle approaches for visualizing DNA and RNA. Using scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopes, the three-dimensional image of the surface of nucleic acids can be seen at atomic-scale resolutions. Spreading methods provide useful details on structural features of isolated molecules, but the major constituent of living matter is water, and the cryomicroscope makes it possible to look at DNA in its aqueous environment. Genes can be detected simultaneously in situ in chromosomes using fluorescent probes, and also at the electron microscopic level. In cells, nucleic acids are localized and quantified by dyes; electron microscopy is used with cytochemical, immunocytological, nuclease, and in situ hybridization methods. The main potential applications for pathological studies are shown with particular aspects such as viral nucleic acids and in situ PCR.
Wine and Vine Components and Health
While there is a tremendous literature on the topic of wine and health ranging back to the days of Hippocrates, it is considered that there is an unlimited variety of wine, allowing for the association of senses, nutrition, and hedonism. The history of vine and wine has lasted for at least 7000 years. Vitis represent adaptable plants, and thanks to the large variety of strains, wine is an alchemical mix with unique properties, a rich and original composition in terms of polyphenols, and well known antioxidants. This explains why wine and health are closely linked to nutrition.
Biomedical Applications of Nanoparticles
This book provides an overview of the design and physico-chemical properties of nanoparticles developed for biomedical applications such as targeting and detection of pathologies, nanovectorization of drugs, radiosensitization, metal detection, and nanocomposite implants. The considerations necessary when developing a new nanomedicine are also developed, including toxicological investigation, biodistribution, and efficacy. This book provides an accurate and current representation of the field by addressing the promises and hurdles of nanomedicine via 20 different pertinent studies. Covering a wide range of areas, this book is an excellent partner for physico-chemists, doctors, pharmacologists, and biochemists working on nanosciences dedicated to medicine, both in industry and in academia.
From Natural Polyphenols to Synthetic Bioactive Analogues
This Special Issue is focused on natural polyphenols and their synthetic bioactive analogues. It is composed of one review on aza- and azo-stilbenes as bioisosteric analogs of the stilbenoid resveratrol and four original articles, including studies on synthetic (bisphenol neolignans inspired by honokiol, multicomponent synthesis of polyphenols), and natural polyphenols (polyphenols from Tamarix ramosissima and Melanoleuca styphelioides) as antiproliferative, anti-Alzheimer’s, antioxidant, antimicrobial, or anti-inflammatory agents.
Electrospun Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications
Electrospinning is a versatile and effective technique widely used to manufacture nanofibrous structures from a diversity of materials (synthetic, natural or inorganic). The electrospun nanofibrous meshes’ composition, morphology, porosity, and surface functionality support the development of advanced solutions for many biomedical applications. The Special Issue on “Electrospun Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications” assembles a set of original and highly-innovative contributions showcasing advanced devices and therapies based on or involving electrospun meshes. It comprises 13 original research papers covering topics that span from biomaterial scaffolds’ structure and functionalization, nanocomposites, antibacterial nanofibrous systems, wound dressings, monitoring devices, electrical stimulation, bone tissue engineering to first-in-human clinical trials. This publication also includes four review papers focused on drug delivery and tissue engineering applications.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Reptiles
This dictionary gives an overview of the English, German, French and Italian names of reptiles. The basic table contains the scientific names of families, genera, species and some sub-species with their identified names, which are given in the singular for species and sub-specis and in the plural for other terms.
Recent Advances in Redox Active Plant and Microbial Products
Nature endows us with a treasure chest of Green Gold full of amazing ‘redox-active’ substances which interfere with numerous biological processes in our own body, in animals, bacteria, fungi and plants. Whilst such natural products are all around and also in us, we still do not fully understand how these compounds actually work. This book attempts to resolve some of the mysteries and riddles associated with such products. Written by more than thirty international experts from academia and industry, it places a focus on modern developments in this field and considers such natural products from various angles, from their isolation and characterization all along to product development and commercialization. Throughout, the reader will be confronted with modern approaches which enable the efficient identification and isolation of new natural products, help to elucidate their mode(s) of action and permit practical uses in Medicine, Cosmetics, Agriculture, Industry and as functional foods.
