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English summary: The government often uses private persons and infrastructures for public purposes. Using the enforcement of tax laws as an example, the author of this work studies the requirements under which this is compliant with constitutional law. German description: Die gesetzliche Indienstnahme Privater hat Tradition. Im Jahre 1950 hat Hans Peter Ipsen diese Rechtsfigur entdeckt und das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat sie bald rezipiert. Sie ist auch in der Staatsrechtslehre auf fruchtbaren Boden gefallen, aber kaum vertieft beleuchtet worden. Bislang zu wenig hinterfragte Rechtfertigungsschleifen begreift der Gesetzgeber augenscheinlich als Einladung, Burgern und Wirtschaft neue Pflicht...
En la actualidad, dos de los grandes retos que afronta el Derecho ambiental son la prevención oportuna y la reparación efectiva de los daños ambientales. En esta obra no solo se abordan ambas problemáticas, sino que, además, se ofrecen herramientas legales y recomendaciones para afrontarlas de manera eficaz. El libro se compone de tres capítulos. El primero detalla las técnicas jurídicas que existen para autorizar y gestionar los riesgos ambientales, así como para prevenir y reparar los daños provocados en el ambiente. El segundo desarrolla a profundidad el régimen jurídico del daño ambiental y explica los principios jurídicos que orientan, de manera integral, el régimen de re...
A procura de maior (e tão necessária) eficiência dos Tribunais tem levado à adoção de sistemas de inteligência artificial (IA) no exercício de funções judiciais públicas, em particular no auxílio do Juiz e/ou do Tribunal. Tal opção - como demonstra a presente obra coletiva - encontra abordagens distintas em Portugal e no Brasil, revelando diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento e de implementação e, por consequência, desafios singulares para a ciência jurídica em razão dos particulares sistemas de IA usados nos Tribunais e ainda das tarefas selecionadas para a mobilização de tais sistemas. Adicionalmente, os quadros jurídicos nestes dois países encontram-se em diferente...
The new European General Data Protection Regulation directly affects all EU member states and raises numerous problems for legal consultation. Its impact on international companies doing business in the EU is enormous; national legislation has to face questions of the scope of the regulation as well as the potential and need for national regulation. Its broad and open articles leave room for wide interpretation. This new commentary covers all topics and critical aspects elicited by the new regulation and its interpretation. The commentary focuses on the regulation itself, including cross-references to further provisions (e.g. the Police and Criminal Justice Data Protection Directive, the E-P...
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An analysis of the impact of foreign assistance and other external forces upon the national character of Sierra Leone, and an identification of causes and solutions regarding the sense of anguish associated with the attainment of Third World independence.
The decision to release someone from psychiatric hospital, forensic services or prison is often controversial, and forensic psychologists play a key role in assessing the risk of recidivism. In Violence Risk, Chris Webster and Steve Hucker discuss the accuracy of prediction and highlight how violence assessments would improve if well-established findings became entrenched in clinical and research practice. Although the authors write the majority of the text, specialist colleagues add essential material on subjects such as averting spousal assault, sex offending, and improving community support.
This 5th volume in the "Munster Colloquia on EU Law and the Digital Economy" focuses on one of the most important challenges faced by private law in this era of digitalization: the effects of "data as counter-performance" on contract law; a phenomenon acknowledged by the EU legislator in the new "Digital Content Directive" 2019/770. In this volume, legal experts from across Europe examine various issues, in particular contract performance and restitution, and the relationship between contract law and data protection, central to the question: Contract law 2.0?
Socio-legal researchers increasingly recognise the need to employ a wide variety of methods in studying law and legal phenomena, and the need to be informed by an understanding of debates about theory and method in mainstream social science. The papers in this volume illustrate how a range of topics, including EU law, ombudsmen, judges, lawyers, Shariah Councils and the quality assurance industry can be researched from a socio-legal perspective. The objective of the collection is to show how different methods can be used in researching law and legal phenomena, how methodological issues and debates in sociology are relevant to the study of law, and the importance of the debate between "struct...