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Classical Greek Oligarchy
Classical Greek Oligarchy thoroughly reassesses an important but neglected form of ancient Greek government, the "rule of the few." Matthew Simonton challenges scholarly orthodoxy by showing that oligarchy was not the default mode of politics from time immemorial, but instead emerged alongside, and in reaction to, democracy. He establishes for the first time how oligarchies maintained power in the face of potential citizen resistance. The book argues that oligarchs designed distinctive political institutions—such as intra-oligarchic power sharing, targeted repression, and rewards for informants—to prevent collective action among the majority population while sustaining cooperation within...
Taming Politics
Plato is often reproached for having a distorted view of democracy due to prejudice and an elitist philosophical approach. Such objections are not utterly groundless, but they miss the gist of the matter. One of the main aims of this study is to show that, while conceiving his critique of democracy, Plato has a clear perception of its development and elements. A further objective is to demonstrate how he draws on democratic ideology to advance his own political theory. Accordingly, this book will expose numerous intertextual connections of Plato with other authors of this epoch. The first and greater part of this study reveals how in the "Gorgias" Plato gives a detailed account on the process of democratic man's transformation into tyrannical man. The second part examines the parallels between this dialogue and the "Republic". Thus, Plato's intimate knowledge of democratic ideology shows that his criticism of phenomena such as absolute freedom, demagoguery (populism), glorification of power, traditional politics etc. remains relevant.
Acrylamide and Other Hazardous Compounds in Heat-Treated Foods
Although the aim of cooking foods is to make them more appetizing and microbiologically safe, it is now known that cooking and food processing at high temperatures generate various kinds of toxic substances, such as heterocyclic amines and acrylamide, via the Maillard reaction. Summarising the latest research in this field, this important collection discusses both the formation of health-hazardous compounds during heat treatment of foods and practical methods to minimise their formation.Part one analyses the formation of hazardous compounds in heat-treated foods such as meat, potatoes, cereal and coffee. Part two discusses the health risks posed by heat-induced toxicants. It includes chapter...
Rough Surfaces
This text addreseses the topic of surface roughness, how to measure and describe it, and what practical problems it might cause. Updated to include advances in measurement and characterization, this second edition introduces modern instruments, including laser interferometers and AFMs, and there are sections on fractals and motif analysis. Problems of 3D surface measurement and description are extensively treated. Manufacturing and production engineers, optical and QC engineers, tribologists and many other applied scientists should find this book useful.
Popular Tyranny
The nature of authority and rulership was a central concern in ancient Greece, where the figure of the king or tyrant and the sovereignty associated with him remained a powerful focus of political and philosophical debate even as Classical Athens developed the world's first democracy. This collection of essays examines the extraordinary role that the concept of tyranny played in the cultural and political imagination of Archaic and Classical Greece through the interdisciplinary perspectives provided by internationally known archaeologists, literary critics, and historians. The book ranges historically from the Bronze and early Iron Age to the political theorists and commentators of the middl...
(Un)settling the Neolithic
"(Un)settling the Neolithic is a radical redirection in the study of the central and east European Neolithic (6500-3500 cal BC). Attacking the essentialisms of traditional approaches to the period, the volume pushes forward with new thinking about how best to understand human existence at this time in a critical region. Containing major statements by the key authorities on the topic, (un)settling the Neolithic challenges scholars, students, excavators and teachers to think again about the fundamental conceptions with which the Neolithic has been defined since the origins of its academic study."--BOOK JACKET.
Taming Democracy
How does one speak to a large, diverse mass of ordinary, sovereign citizens and persuade them to render wise decisions? For Thucydides, Plato, and Demosthenes, who observed classical Athenian democracy in action, this was an urgent question. Harvey Yunis looks at how these three—historian, philosopher, politician respectively—explored the instructive potential of political rhetoric as a means of "taming democracy," Plato's metaphor for controlling the fractious demos through language. Yunis offers new insights into the ideas of the three thinkers: Thucydides' bipolar model of Periclean versus demagogic rhetoric; Plato's engagement with political rhetoric in the Gorgias, the Phaedrus, and...
Anti-Democratic Thought
From a historical and cross-cultural perspective it cannot be denied that most democracies failed. Only western democracies for a short while -- from the fall of Soviet communism to the rise of radical Islam -- believed themselves to be invincible. It has therefore become necessary to think about political alternatives once more and to study threats to democracy from within and without as well as common modes of failure of democracy across times and cultures. This book marks the start of a daring new debate and re-introduces anti-democratic thought and practice to the academic discourse and into the syllabus. It wishes to offer a serious discussion of anti-democratic thought, rather than an ...
Politics
Books V and VI of Aristotle's Politics constitute a manual on practical politics. In the fifth book Aristotle examines the causes of faction and constitutional change and suggests remedies for political instability. In the sixth book he offers practical advice to the statesman who wishes to establish, preserve, or reform a democracy or an oligarchy. He discusses many political issues, theoretical and practical, which are still widely debated today - revolution and reform, democracy and tyranny, freedom and equality. David Keyt presents a clear and accurate new translation of these books, together with a commentary which, though primarily philosophical, also supplies a key to Aristotle's many historical references. It is intended to guide readers toward a proper understanding of this classic text in the history of political thought, and is well suited to the needs of students, including those with no knowledge of Greek and little knowledge of Greek institutions and history.
