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Gradation is usually considered to be a property of adjectives. Examples like "The boy loves his mother very much" and "The boy has grown a lot" reveal that gradation is not limited to adjectives but verbs are gradable too. Verb gradation has received considerably less attention in the literature than gradation of adjectives. The aim of the current volume is to explore the notion of verb gradation in more detail. The book presents a semantic as well as a syntactic analysis of verb gradation and combines three case studies with a general perspective on the phenomenon. Issues addressed in the volume cover, among others, the notion of scalarity in the verbal domain, the interaction of verb gradation with grammatical as well as lexical aspect and verb gradation as a subcompositional phenomenon. These topics are investigated from a cross-linguistic perspective. The languages of investigation include, among others, German, Russian and French.
Introspektive Zugänge und die Detailanalyse von Einzelfällen gehören in der historischen Grammatikforschung nach wie vor zu den gängigen Praktiken. Dieser Vorgehensweise kommt nicht von ungefähr: Eine umfassende empirische Analyse historischen Quellenmaterials ist aus mehreren Gründen schwierig, und selbst im Falle einer solchen sieht sich die sprachhistorische Disziplin prinzipiell immer noch mit den von Labov in Bezug auf den Sprachwandel formulierten Problemen hinsichtlich des historischen Paradoxons konfrontiert. Zudem sind bei der Analyse historischer Quellen weitere Hürden zu nehmen: Die Quelltexte sind nicht sehr zahlreich und durch externe Einflussfaktoren geprägt, was Rücks...
Spatial and identity research operates with differentiations and relations. These are particularly useful heuristic tools when examining border regions where social and geopolitical demarcations diverge. Applying this approach, the authors of this volume investigate spatial and identity constructions in cross-border contexts as they appear in everyday, institutional and media practices. The results are discussed with a keen eye for obliquely aligned spaces and identities and relinked to governmental issues of normalization and subjectivation. The studies base upon empirical surveys conducted in Germany, France, Belgium and Luxembourg.
This book, designed for students who have already developed a basic competence in German, aims to broaden and improve their vocabulary by providing detailed information on groups of German words with related meanings. It is invaluable as a guide to finding the right word for the context. In order to enhance understanding of the structure of the German vocabulary, groups of synonyms are organised under German (rather than English) headwords. All entries are accompanied by an example of usage and English glosses and there are two indexes allowing users quickly to locate words in German or English. The book takes full account of register variation, indicating the degree of formal or informal use, and reflects regional usage especially in Austria and Switzerland. It is an essential reference for intermediate and advanced students as well as teachers and other professional linguists seeking access to the finer nuances of the German language.
The articles in this volume present original research on the encoding of meaning in a variety of constructions and languages. Many of the contributions take the framework of Role and Reference Grammar as a point of reference, either by applying it to the analysis of linguistic data or by discussing, extending, and challenging some of its assumptions. The topics of the articles range from general questions concerning the relation of meaning and its syntactic realization to the study of specific grammatical phenomena in a number of typologically diverse languages, including Yucatec Maya, Kabardian, Tagalog, Murik-Kopar, Avatime, Whitesands, Tundra Yukaghir, and various Indo-European languages. The articles will be of interest to researchers and advanced students working on the interface between syntax, semantics and pragmatics.
This is the first detailed linguistic analysis of Koromfe, the local language spoken in the north of Burkina Faso, West Africa, providing data which sheds light on many previously unanswered questions about Koromfe and general linguistics.
Light verbs are semantically reduced compared to their use as heavy verbs. It is often said that light verbs are positioned in-between regular full verbs and auxiliaries and that verbs pass a stage of light uses while developing into an auxiliary. The current volume aims at distinguishing light verbs from heavy verbs on the one hand and auxiliary on the other. In a number of case studies, the papers collected investigate the development of light verbs but also on the properties distinguishing light uses of verbs from their heavy uses as well as uses as (semi-)auxiliaries. The volume brings together different perspectives combining synchronic as well as diachronic approaches applied to a typologically diverse set of languages like Kina Rutul (Nakh-Dagestan), Japanese, Gĩkũyũ (Bantu, Niger-Congo), Tibetan (Sino-Tibetan) and Indo-European languages such as German, English, Old Norse and Italian. The vast majority of papers is corpus-based. By investigating on how light verbs emerge and what the distinguishing features of light verbs are, the volume fills a gap in in the rich linguistic discussion of complex predicates.
The European Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference and the European Conference on Numerical Methods in Engineering are the initiative of national Scientific Societies of many countries in Europe engaged in these fields. The 28 papers in this volume give an extensive review on selected topics pertaining to basic methodologies, scientific developments and industrial applications, in fluid dynamics, in structural mechanics and other engineering applications. This multidisciplinary volume brings together specialists in a wide range of engineering activities who employ common analytical and experimental methods in their research. The contents are of world-wide interest and will help to stimulate future research and analysis in this broad field.