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Placebo and Nocebo Effects in Psychiatry and Beyond
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Placebo and Pain
The placebo effect continues to fascinate scientists, scholars, and clinicians, resulting in an impressive amount of research, mainly in the field of pain. While recent experimental and clinical studies have unraveled salient aspects of the neurobiological substrates and clinical relevance of pain and placebo analgesia, an authoritative source remained lacking until now. By presenting and integrating a broad range of research, Placebo and Pain enhances readers' knowledge about placebo and nocebo effects, reexamines the methodology of clinical trials, and improves the therapeutic approaches for patients suffering from pain. Review for Placebo and Pain:"This ambitious book is the first compreh...
Positive or Negative? The Effect of Emerging Technologies and Products on Mental Health
Emerging technologies and products such as digital health technology, computing platforms, wearable devices, smartphone sensors and electronic gadgets have the potential to transform and empower society while simultaneously presenting unprecedented challenges in our life. Some like electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are for entertainment, some like online conference platforms are for convenience and some like social media have become a life necessity. However, there is an ongoing debate about whether the use of physical and virtual digital technology products can do harm to mental health. Some evidence-based research shows that frequent use of social media may cause depression and anxiety, and derived behavioral phenomena like cyberbullying and game addiction, which negatively affect people’s lives. Other scholars think digital technology products could provide insights into timely, personalized, engaging and accessible intervention, promotion and improvement of mental health. Given the ubiquity of digital devices and their complex and subtle associations with mental health, more research is needed to bring benefits to both research and daily life practices.
Placebo
Due to the recent explosion of placebo research at many levels the Editors believe that a volume on Placebo would be a good addition to the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology series. In particular, this volume will be built up on a meeting on Placebo which will be held in Tuebingen (Germany) in January 2013, and where the most prominent researchers in this field will present and exchange their ideas. The authors who will be invited to write chapters for this volume will be the very same speakers at this meeting, thus guaranteeing high standard and excellence in the topic that will be treated. The approach of the book is mainly pharmacological, including basic research and clinical trials, and the contents range from different medical conditions and systems, such as pain and the immune system, to different experimental approaches, like in vivo receptor binding and pharmacological/behavioral conditioning. Overall, the volume will give an idea of modern placebo research, of timely concepts in both experimental and clinical pharmacology, as well as of modern methods and tools in neuroscience.
10. Tagung Der Gesellschaft Für Kognitionswissenschaft
As the latest biannual meeting of the German Society for Cognitive Science (Gesellschaft für Kognitionswissenschaft, GK), KogWis 2010 at Potsdam University reflects the current trends in a fascinating domain of research concerned with human and artificial cognition and the interaction of mind and brain. The Plenary talks provide a venue for questions of the numerical capacities and human arithmetic (Brian Butterworth), of the theoretical development of cognitive architectures and intelligent virtual agents (Pat Langley), of categorizations induced by linguistic constructions (Claudia Maienborn), and of a cross-level account of the “Self as a complex system“ (Paul Thagard). KogWis 2010 i...
Evidence-Based Medicine - A Paradigm Ready To Be Challenged?
This open access book aims to clarify the term „evidence-based medicine“ (EBM) from a philosophy of science perspective. The author, Marie-Caroline Schulte discusses the importance of evi-dence in medical research and practice with a focus on the ethical and methodological prob-lems of EBM. The claims that EBM can herald a new theory of epistemology and a Kuhnian paradigm will be refuted. The solution is to describe EBM as a necessary development in medicine to deal with the increasing amount of evidence and medical data without loosing the single patient out of sight.
Placebo and Pain
Different methods have been developed over the last 50 years of placebo-interested research to identify, characterize and modulate the placebo response in individuals, but also to minimize it in randomized controled trials (RCTs). Among the design features that manipulate information, the balanced placebo design (BPD) and the balanced cross-over design (BCD) are not applicable to patients without authorized deception. Manipulating the timing of the drug, such as in the ‘hidden treatment’ paradigm and the delayed response test (DRT), may be more acceptable but is still limited to experimental settings. In RCTs, ‘active placebos’ and sham controls for non-drug therapy are feasible but are difficult to develop, and their effectiveness in blinding is yet to be evaluated. Waiting list (WL), ‘no-treatment’ controls and treatment-as-usual (TAU) are inappropriate control strategies unless combined with novel approaches such as the Zelen design.
