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This book provides critical reviews of the role of neurotrophins and their receptors in a wide variety of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington’s syndrome, cognitive function, psychiatric disorders such as clinical depression, Rett syndrome, motoneurone disease, spinal cord injury, pain, metabolic disease and cardiovascular disease. It also contains contributions from leaders in the field dealing with the basic biology, transcriptional and post-translational regulation of the neurotrophins and their receptors. The present book will review all recent areas of progress in the study of neurotrophins and their biological roles.
The Sherrington School of Physiology at St. Thomas' Hospital provided a natural venue for four days of enthusiastic debate on Sherrington's Final Common Path -the alpha motoneurone and related matters; Sherrington himself held a lecturership at St. Thomas' just over a century ago. The occasion was a happy one. Most participants already knew each other, the topics were familiar, the discussion was vigorous and critical but without personal rancor. The program had set out to encourage debate with 'critiques' both of the oral papers and the posters; their inclusion in the present volume helps to show where we are standing on rock rather than sand. In spite of a venerable history some surprising...
Changing Concepts of the Nervous System, presents the proceedings of the First Institute of Neurological Sciences Symposium in Neurobiology, held at the University of Pennsylvania in October 1980. The book is divided into four parts consisting of mini symposia on different aspects of the neurosciences. The first mini symposia discuss the anatomical, physiological, developmental, and behavioral plasticity of the nervous system. The second mini symposia cover the changing concepts of the central visual system. The idea of the biological basis of the concept of motivation and its behavioral manifestations from both theoretical and experimental aspects is examined in the third mini symposia. The final mini symposia tackle the four aspects of studies on memory: amnesia (consolidation and retrieval), the role of catecholamines, the role of proteins, and the role of peptides. Anatomists, neurobiologists, neuroscientists, and students and researchers in the field of neuroscience will find the book invaluable.
This is a timely review of the mechanisms underlying the presynaptic control of synaptic transmission and the role they play in sensory and motor behavior. Early chapters offer a detailed account of the anatomy, biophysics, and physiology of synaptic transmission at the peripheral and centralsynapses, focusing on the presynaptic control of transmitter release. Later chapters explore the organization of neural pathways leading to the presynaptic inhibition of transmitter release in segmental reflex pathways. A final section provides examples of the operation of presynaptic controlmechanisms during specific sensory and motor functions in mammals, including humans. Integrating synaptic transmission and CNS functions at the systems level, this volume will be of particular interest to researchers studying both areas.
How do sensory neurons transmit information about environmental stimuli to the central nervous system? How do networks of neurons in the CNS decode that information, thus leading to perception and consciousness? These questions are among the oldest in neuroscience. Quite recently, new approaches to exploration of these questions have arisen, often from interdisciplinary approaches combining traditional computational neuroscience with dynamical systems theory, including nonlinear dynamics and stochastic processes. In this volume in two sections a selection of contributions about these topics from a collection of well-known authors is presented. One section focuses on computational aspects from single neurons to networks with a major emphasis on the latter. The second section highlights some insights that have recently developed out of the nonlinear systems approach.
This book contains recommendations for national and local policy makers and presents a set of international best practices for social enterprises.
Our world is experiencing increasingly complex social and environmental challenges. The prevailing business models and, to some extent, capitalism per se, are frequently blamed for these problems due to their neglect of social and environmental values in favour of financial returns. Within this context, social finance has attracted the attention of governments, organizations, entrepreneurs, and researchers as a means of mobilizing resources and innovation with the goal of establishing effective long-term solutions. This edited collection summarizes, discusses, and analyzes new innovative trends in social finance. It features contributions that aim to highlight emerging trends (products, tool...