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In recent years, inertial sensors have undergone major developments. The quality of their measurements has improved while their cost has decreased, leading to an increase in availability. They can be found in stand-alone sensor units, so-called inertial measurement units, but are nowadays also present in for instance any modern smartphone, in Wii controllers and in virtual reality headsets. The term inertial sensor refers to the combination of accelerometers and gyroscopes. These measure the external specific force and the angular velocity, respectively. Integration of their measurements provides information about the sensor's position and orientation. However, the position and orientation e...
Dieser Tagungsband enthält die Beiträge des 32. Workshops „Computational Intelligence“ des Fachausschusses 5.14 der VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft für Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (GMA) der vom 1.12. – 2.12.2022 in Berlin stattfand. Die Schwerpunkte sind Methoden, Anwendungen und Tools für - Fuzzy-Systeme - Deep Learning - Machine Learning sowie der Methodenvergleich anhand von industriellen und Benchmark-Problemen. - This conference volume contains the contributions of the 32nd workshop "Computational Intelligence" of the technical committee 5.14 of the VDI/VDE-Gesellschaft für Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik (GMA) which took place from 1.12. - 2.12.2022 in Berlin. The focus will be on methods, applications, and tools for - Fuzzy systems - Deep Learning - Machine Learning - Data Mining as well as method comparison based on industrial and benchmark problems.
Automatic decision making and pattern recognition under uncertainty are difficult tasks that are ubiquitous in our everyday life. The systems we design, and technology we develop, requires us to coherently represent and work with uncertainty in data. Probabilistic models and probabilistic inference gives us a powerful framework for solving this problem. Using this framework, while enticing, results in difficult-to-compute integrals and probabilities when conditioning on the observed data. This means we have a need for approximate inference, methods that solves the problem approximately using a systematic approach. In this thesis we develop new methods for efficient approximate inference in p...
Making decisions and predictions from noisy observations are two important and challenging problems in many areas of society. Some examples of applications are recommendation systems for online shopping and streaming services, connecting genes with certain diseases and modelling climate change. In this thesis, we make use of Bayesian statistics to construct probabilistic models given prior information and historical data, which can be used for decision support and predictions. The main obstacle with this approach is that it often results in mathematical problems lacking analytical solutions. To cope with this, we make use of statistical simulation algorithms known as Monte Carlo methods to a...
This book teaches the basics of duplicate bridge. The bidding system used is American Standard. Examples are used throughout the book to explain how you should bid and play the game. Every chapter ends with a summary of what you should remember. This will make it easier for you to memorize what needs to be memorized. Also there are additional examples for each chapter that you may use as practice deals. The contents of the book is divided in such a way that you may first just read parts of it to get a very basic understanding of the game, and then you may go back and read more detailed sections when you are mor comfortable with the game. In this way it is believed that the book will accompany you on your way to becoming an intermediate player. References to further reading are given. The book has been used to teach beginners, and several of them have been able to play successfully against experienced players after only one or two games.
Human Activity and Behavior Analysis relates to the field of vision and sensor-based human action or activity and behavior analysis and recognition. The book includes a series of methodologies, surveys, relevant datasets, challenging applications, ideas, and future prospects. The book discusses topics such as action recognition, action understanding, gait analysis, gesture recognition, behavior analysis, emotion and affective computing, and related areas. This volume focuses on relevant activities in three main subject areas: Healthcare and Emotion, Mental Health, and Nurse Care Records. The editors are experts in these arenas and the contributing authors are drawn from high-impact research groups around the world. This book will be of great interest to academics, students, and professionals working and researching in the field of human activity and behavior analysis.
Pose (position and orientation) tracking in room-scaled environments is an enabling technique for many applications. Today, virtual reality (vr) and augmented reality (ar) are two examples of such applications, receiving high interest both from the public and the research community. Accurate pose tracking of the vr or ar equipment, often a camera or a headset, or of different body parts is crucial to trick the human brain and make the virtual experience realistic. Pose tracking in room-scaled environments is also needed for reference tracking and metrology. This thesis focuses on an application to metrology. In this application, photometric models of a photo studio are needed to perform real...
During the last century, navigation systems have become ubiquitous and guide drivers, cyclists, and pedestrians towards their desired destinations. While operating worldwide, they rely on line-of-sight conditions towards satellites and are thus limited to outdoor areas. However, finding a gate within an airport, a ward within a hospital, or a university's auditorium also represent navigation problems. To provide navigation within such indoor environments, new approaches are required. This thesis examines pedestrian 3D indoor localization and navigation using commodity smartphones: A desirable target platform, always at hand and equipped with a multitude of sensors. The IMU (accelerometer, gy...
Models are commonly used to simulate events and processes, and can be constructed from measured data using system identification. The common way is to model the system from input to output, but in this thesis we want to obtain the inverse of the system. Power amplifiers (PAs) used in communication devices can be nonlinear, and this causes interference in adjacent transmitting channels. A prefilter, called predistorter, can be used to invert the effects of the PA, such that the combination of predistorter and PA reconstructs an amplified version of the input signal. In this thesis, the predistortion problem has been investigated for outphasing power amplifiers, where the input signal is decom...
Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) inertial sensors have become ubiquitous in modern society. Built into mobile telephones, gaming consoles, virtual reality headsets, we use such sensors on a daily basis. They also have applications in medical therapy devices, motion-capture filming, traffic monitoring systems, and drones. While providing accurate measurements over short time scales, this diminishes over longer periods. To date, this problem has been resolved by combining them with additional sensors and models. This adds both expense and size to the devices. This tutorial focuses on the signal processing aspects of position and orientation estimation using inertial sensors. It discusses different modelling choices and a selected number of important algorithms that engineers can use to select the best options for their designs. The algorithms include optimization-based smoothing and filtering as well as computationally cheaper extended Kalman filter and complementary filter implementations. Engineers, researchers, and students deploying MEMS inertial sensors will find that this tutorial is an essential monograph on how to optimize their designs.