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The NAD+ Precursor Nicotinamide Riboside Rescues Mitochondrial Defects and Neuronal Loss in IPSC and Fly Models of Parkinson's Disease
Abstract: While mitochondrial dysfunction is emerging as key in Parkinson's disease (PD), a central question remains whether mitochondria are actual disease drivers and whether boosting mitochondrial biogenesis and function ameliorates pathology. We address these questions using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells and Drosophila models of GBA-related PD (GBA-PD), the most common PD genetic risk. Patient neurons display stress responses, mitochondrial demise, and changes in NAD+ metabolism. NAD+ precursors have been proposed to ameliorate age-related metabolic decline and disease. We report that increasing NAD+ via the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) significantly ameliorates mitochondrial function in patient neurons. Human neurons require nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) to maintain the NAD+ pool and utilize NRK1 to synthesize NAD+ from NAD+ precursors. Remarkably, NR prevents the age-related dopaminergic neuronal loss and motor decline in fly models of GBA-PD. Our findings suggest NR as a viable clinical avenue for neuroprotection in PD and other neurodegenerative diseases
Axon Regeneration
This volume covers a wide range of approaches utilized to decipher cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to successful nerve regeneration leading to functional recovery. Chapters detail a variety of models utilizing both in vivo and in vitro approaches, physical injury models, methods for the isolation/analysis of various macromolecules, live and fixed imaging of regenerating axons, and for quantifying behavioral endpoints enable measurements of regenerative success. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and methods, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Axon Regeneration: Methods and Protocols aims to be comprehensive guide for researchers.
Beverly Hills Tutor
Ava Fleet applies for a simple tutoring job to help pay for college, but whatshe lands is no-holds-barred entry into the real, and often surreal, world ofthe Beverly Hills elite.
My Hero
None
Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders Across the Lifespan
A versatile reference text for developing and applying clinical psychopathology skills Designed to serve as a trusted desktop reference on mental disorders seen across the lifespan for mental health professionals at all levels of experience, Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Disorders Across the Lifespan, Second Edition expertly covers etiology, clinical presentation, intake and interviewing, diagnosis, and treatment of a wide range of DSM disorders at all developmental stages. Unlike other references, this book takes a lifespan approach that allows readers to develop the clinical skills necessary to respond to mental health concerns in a patient-centered manner. Introductory and advanced fe...
Blood Vessel Changes in Hypertension Structure and Function
Written by established researchers, this two-volume publication provides timely, comprehensive and insightful reviews on recent discoveries in the etiology of hypertension. Structural changes of the blood vessels in hypertension in relation to connective tissue, cerebral vessel structure and innervation, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia, and rarefaction of microvessels are discussed. Also presented are the effects of antihypertensive therapy on vessel structure and function. A unique feature is the inclusion of a chapter on pulmonary vascular changes in pulmonary hypertension, which shows certain changes that are similar to systemic hypertension. This book is of major interest to researchers involved in the study of hypertension and the biology of the blood vessels.
