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Germany's Journey Toward 14 Tesla Human Magnetic Resonance
Abstract: Multiple sites within Germany operate human MRI systems with magnetic fields either at 7 Tesla or 9.4 Tesla. In 2013, these sites formed a network to facilitate and harmonize the research being conducted at the different sites and make this technology available to a larger community of researchers and clinicians not only within Germany, but also worldwide. The German Ultrahigh Field Imaging (GUFI) network has defined a strategic goal to establish a 14 Tesla whole-body human MRI system as a national research resource in Germany as the next progression in magnetic field strength. This paper summarizes the history of this initiative, the current status, the motivation for pursuing MR imaging and spectroscopy at such a high magnetic field strength, and the technical and funding challenges involved. It focuses on the scientific and science policy process from the perspective in Germany, and is not intended to be a comprehensive systematic review of the benefits and technical challenges of higher field strengths
Intelligente Landwirtschaft: Sommerrapsanbau in Kasachstan
Die zunehmende Liberalisierung des Handels mit Agrarerzeugnissen, die Globalisierung der Weltwirtschaft sowie die stetige Preissteigerung der energetisch verwendeten Rapspflanze auf dem Weltmarkt machen alternative Nutzungen der Ackerfl„che mit Rohstoffpflanzen sinnvoll. Dieses Buch soll praxisnahe Antworten darauf geben, wie sich Bodenbearbeitung, -bestellung und -pflege unter den jeweiligen betrieblichen Rahmenbedingungen am kostengnstigsten erledigen lassen. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, umsetzbare Erkenntnisse fr die konkrete Gestaltung von Produktionsverfahren fr Sommerraps zu erarbeiten. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei die Optimierung ackerbaulicher Maánahmen unter Bercksichtigung verschiedener Bodenbearbeitungssysteme. Dabei werden die unterschiedlichen M”glichkeiten der konservierenden Bodenbearbeitungssysteme und deren Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Rapsproduktion dargelegt.
Frequency-adjustable Magnetic Field Probes
Abstract: Purpose Nuclear Magnetic Resonance field probes provide exciting possibilities for enhancing MR image quality by allowing for calibration of k-space trajectories and/or dynamic measurement of local field changes. The purpose of this study is to design and build field probes, which are easier to manufacture and more flexible to use than existing probes. Methods A new manufacturing method is presented based on light-activated resin to encase the coil assembly and the 1H sample. This method allows for realizing field probes with tightly integrated orthogonal coils, whereby the local resonance frequency of protons can be adjusted during the MR experiment, by applying a DC current to th...
Imaging Local Diffusion in Microstructures Using NV-based Pulsed Field Gradient NMR
Abstract: Understanding diffusion in microstructures plays a crucial role in many scientific fields, including neuroscience, medicine, or energy research. While magnetic resonance (MR) methods are the gold standard for diffusion measurements, spatial encoding in MR imaging has limitations. Here, we introduce nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center-based nuclear MR (NMR) spectroscopy as a powerful tool to probe diffusion within microscopic sample volumes. We have developed an experimental scheme that combines pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) with optically detected NV-NMR spectroscopy, allowing local quantification of molecular diffusion and flow. We demonstrate correlated optical imaging with spatially resolved PGSE NV-NMR experiments probing anisotropic water diffusion within an individual model microstructure. Our optically detected PGSE NV-NMR technique opens up prospects for extending the current capabilities of investigating diffusion processes with the future potential of probing single cells, tissue microstructures, or ion mobility in thin film materials for battery applications
Combining Prospective and Retrospective Motion Correction Based on a Model for Fast Continuous Motion
Abstract: Purpose Prospective motion correction (PMC) and retrospective motion correction (RMC) have different advantages and limitations. The present work aims to combine the advantages of both for rigid body motion, aiming at correcting for faster motions than was previously achievable. Additionally, it provides insights into the effects of motion on pulse sequences and MR signals with a goal of further improving motion correction in the future. Methods The effective encoding trajectory and a global phase offset in a moving object are calculated based on complete gradient waveforms of an arbitrary sequence and a continuous motion model. These data are used to feed the forward signal model,...
Notes of a Russian Sniper
"Zaitsev volunteered to fight at Stalingrad in 1942. His superiors recognized quickly his talent, and made him a sniper. He adapted his hunting skills to the ruins of the city, watching his prey with nerves of steel. In his first 10 days, Zaitsev killed 40 Germans. He achieved at least 225 kills and the tactics he developed are still being studied."--Publisher.
Three-dimensional Spatially Resolved Phase Graph Framework
Abstract: Purpose An open-source spatially resolved phase graph framework is proposed for simulating arbitrary pulse sequences in the presence of piece-wise constant gradients with arbitrary orientations in three dimensions. It generalizes the extended phase graph algorithm for analysis of nonperiodic sequences while preserving its efficiency, and is able to estimate the signal modulation in the 3D spatial domain. Methods The framework extends the recursive magnetization-evolution algorithm to account for anisotropic diffusion and exploits a novel 3D k-space grid-merging method to balance the computational effort and memory requirements against acceptable simulation errors. A new postsimulat...
