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Microstructure with Magnetic Resonance
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 250

Microstructure with Magnetic Resonance

Microstructure with Magnetic Resonance: Problems and Solutions responds to the challenge of how to see the invisible with magnetic resonance imaging. Technically, the goal is to quantify cellular-level properties of biological tissues and microarchitecture of porous media orders of magnitude below the achievable resolution of MR. While the interest in this area has grown exponentially, current research involves physics outside the scope of standard NMR and MRI textbooks. Microstructure with Magnetic Resonance: Problems and Solutions introduces readers to methods of describing complex media in statistical terms, and covers the effects of complex microenvironments on the MR signal phase, on th...

Integrative Diffusion-weighted Imaging and Radiogenomic Network Analysis of Glioblastoma Multiforme
  • Language: en

Integrative Diffusion-weighted Imaging and Radiogenomic Network Analysis of Glioblastoma Multiforme

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2017
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Abstract: n the past, changes of the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in glioblastoma multiforme have been shown to be related to specific genes and described as being associated with survival. The purpose of this study was to investigate diffusion imaging parameters in combination with genome-wide expression data in order to obtain a comprehensive characterisation of the transcriptomic changes indicated by diffusion imaging parameters. Diffusion-weighted imaging, molecular and clinical data were collected prospectively in 21 patients. Before surgery, MRI diffusion metrics such as axial (AD), radial (RD), mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) were assessed from the contrast enha...

What Does FEXI Measure?
  • Language: en

What Does FEXI Measure?

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2022
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Abstract: Filter-exchange imaging (FEXI) has already been utilized in several biomedical studies for evaluating the permeability of cell membranes. The method relies on suppressing the extracellular signal using strong diffusion weighting (the mobility filter causing a reduction in the overall diffusivity) and monitoring the subsequent diffusivity recovery. Using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, we demonstrate that FEXI is not uniquely sensitive to the transcytolemmal exchange but also to the geometry of involved compartments: Complex geometry offers locations where spins remain unaffected by the mobility filter; moving to other locations afterward, such spins contribute to the diffusivity recovery without actually permeating any membrane. This exchange mechanism warns those who aim to use FEXI in complex media such as brain gray matter and opens large room for investigation towards crystallizing the genuine membrane permeation and characterizing the compartment geometry

To Mask Or Not to Mask? Investigating the Impact of Accounting for Spatial Frequency Distributions and Susceptibility Sources on QSM Quality
  • Language: en

To Mask Or Not to Mask? Investigating the Impact of Accounting for Spatial Frequency Distributions and Susceptibility Sources on QSM Quality

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2023
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Abstract: Purpose Estimating magnetic susceptibility using MRI depends on inverting a forward relationship between the susceptibility and measured Larmor frequency. However, an often-overlooked constraint in susceptibility fitting is that the Larmor frequency is only measured inside the sample, and after successful background field removal, susceptibility sources should only reside inside the same sample. Here, we test the impact of accounting for these constraints in susceptibility fitting. Theory and Methods Two different digital brain phantoms with scalar susceptibility were examined. We used the MEDI phantom, a simple phantom with no background fields, to examine the effect of the impose...

Three-dimensional Spatially Resolved Phase Graph Framework
  • Language: en

Three-dimensional Spatially Resolved Phase Graph Framework

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2021
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Abstract: Purpose An open-source spatially resolved phase graph framework is proposed for simulating arbitrary pulse sequences in the presence of piece-wise constant gradients with arbitrary orientations in three dimensions. It generalizes the extended phase graph algorithm for analysis of nonperiodic sequences while preserving its efficiency, and is able to estimate the signal modulation in the 3D spatial domain. Methods The framework extends the recursive magnetization-evolution algorithm to account for anisotropic diffusion and exploits a novel 3D k-space grid-merging method to balance the computational effort and memory requirements against acceptable simulation errors. A new postsimulat...

Introduction to Quantum Field Theory
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 464

Introduction to Quantum Field Theory

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2000-11-17
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

This text explains the features of quantum and statistical field systems that result from their field-theoretic nature and are common to different physical contexts. It supplies the practical tools for carrying out calculations and discusses the meaning of the results. The central concept is that of effective action (or free energy), and the main technical tool is the path integral, although other formalisms are also mentioned. The author emphasizes the simplest models first, then progresses to discussions of real systems before addressing more general and rigorous conclusions. The book is structured around carefully selected problems, which are solved in detail.

Diffusion MRI
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 784

Diffusion MRI

Professor Derek Jones, a world authority on diffusion MRI, has assembled most of the world's leading scientists and clinicians developing and applying diffusion MRI to produce an authorship list that reads like a "Who's Who" of the field and an essential resource for those working with diffusion MRI. Destined to be a modern classic, this definitive and richly illustrated work covers all aspects of diffusion MRI from basic theory to clinical application. Oxford Clinical Neuroscience is a comprehensive, cross-searchable collection of resources offering quick and easy access to eleven of Oxford University Press's prestigious neuroscience texts. Joining Oxford Medicine Online these resources offer students, specialists and clinical researchers the best quality content in an easy-to-access format.

Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention -- MICCAI 2012
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 718

Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention -- MICCAI 2012

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2012-09-22
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  • Publisher: Springer

The three-volume set LNCS 7510, 7511, and 7512 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2012, held in Nice, France, in October 2012. Based on rigorous peer reviews, the program committee carefully selected 252 revised papers from 781 submissions for presentation in three volumes. The second volume includes 82 papers organized in topical sections on cardiovascular imaging: planning, intervention and simulation; image registration; neuroimage analysis; diffusion weighted imaging; image segmentation; computer-assisted interventions and robotics; and image registration: new methods and results.

Computational Diffusion MRI and Brain Connectivity
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 255

Computational Diffusion MRI and Brain Connectivity

This volume contains the proceedings from two closely related workshops: Computational Diffusion MRI (CDMRI’13) and Mathematical Methods from Brain Connectivity (MMBC’13), held under the auspices of the 16th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention, which took place in Nagoya, Japan, September 2013. Inside, readers will find contributions ranging from mathematical foundations and novel methods for the validation of inferring large-scale connectivity from neuroimaging data to the statistical analysis of the data, accelerated methods for data acquisition, and the most recent developments on mathematical diffusion modeling. This volume offers a valuable starting point for anyone interested in learning computational diffusion MRI and mathematical methods for brain connectivity as well as offers new perspectives and insights on current research challenges for those currently in the field. It will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in computer science, MR physics, and applied mathematics.