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QA/QC of Subgrade and Embankment Construction
The Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) is a device that is used for the estimation of in situ compaction quality of constructed subgrades and embankments. It is a relatively inexpensive, light-weight and easy to use device that measures the dynamic penetration resistance of the compacted soil, from which an estimate of soil strength and stiffness characteristics can be made. Owing to its ease of use, many DOTs in the U.S. have employed the DCP in their compaction quality control procedures, and over the past few decades, extensive research has been carried out on the development of correlations between the results of the DCP test and the results of strength and stiffness tests performed on comp...
Field Investigation of Subgrade Lime Modification
This field study investigates the degree of uniformity and quality that is obtained with soil modification with LKD (Lime Kiln Dust) using current construction techniques, and explores changes in construction methods that may result in a better product.
Classification of Marl Soils
Field and laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the degree of uniformity and quality that is obtained with chemical treatment of the subgrade with LKD using current construction techniques. An INDOT road project under construction was selected for the research. A 140-m long subgrade section was chemically treated with LKD with a target thickness of 16 inches, which is the current standard practice, while another 140-m long section was treated with a target thickness of 14 inches. DCP tests were done at each section to obtain the stiffness (or strength) of the chemically-treated and natural (untreated) subgrade soil layers. LWD tests were performed at the same locations where the DCP...
Engineering Properties of Marls
Despite the prevalence of marls in Indiana and the concerns associated with their behavior, very limited work has been done to study the engineering properties of these soils. This was the motivation for this research project, which involved two primary activities: (a) the creation of a map and database of existing information on marl deposits in Indiana; and (b) an in-depth characterization of the properties of a marl deposit in Daviess County, which was considered representative of similar deposits encountered in Indiana.The marl database was generated using ArcGIS 10.0.from information available at INDOT, and involved mining data from over 5,000 boreholes.The second part of the project in...
Chemical Modification of Uniform Soils and Soils with High/Low Plasticity Index
The addition of chemicals into the subgrade has been widely used during construction to improve the soil properties. The chemicals, often Lime Kiln Dust (LKD) and Portland cement, are added to the soil to improve its workability, compactability and engineering properties. Many DOTs have been using chemical modification for more than 20 years. In fact, 90% of the current subgrade is treated. Despite the wide experience-based in treating subgrade soils, several problems still exist. The INDOT (Indiana Department of Transportation) design manual states that subgrade clays with low plasticity (PI
Development of SPT-Torque Test Correlations for Glacial Till
Torque tests, which are performed immediately after a standard penetration test (SPT), have grown in popularity since its conception in Brazil during the early 1990s. Purdue University developed the first automated torqueing hardware prototype in 2010. SPT, SPT-Torque and cone penetration test (CPT) field testing were performed in glacial till soils at four different sites in northern Indiana and one site in southern Indiana. Index tests were performed for the soil samples collected at each of these sites. Relationships between the torque ratio (the measured torque divided by the corrected SPT blow count) vs. soil type, and unit side resistance vs. normalized SPT blow count (N1,60) and norma...
