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This book provides a comprehensive overview of the field of aerosol science related to particle inhalation and its effect on the lung, predominately in humans. It covers the basics of aerosol behavior, transport, deposition, clearance, and effects of aerosols, both environmental and therapeutic. Aimed at the researcher entering the field of aerosol inhalation it provides a valuable introductory resource in an accessible format.
"This thesis contains three main contributions: the derivation of a parameter which characterizes the performance of a Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA) for diffusing particles; the first measurements of the transfer function for a specific type of cylindrical DMA used extensively at the University of Missouri-Rolla (UMR); and the application of a tandem DMA (TDMA) to characterize the performance of a thermal discriminator. Stolzenburg's DMA theory is employed to derive the universal diffusion parameter [Gamma] which is the characteristic parameter for the deterioration of DMA resolution due to particle diffusion. For the first time, this new parameter [Gamma], allows the quantitative characterization of the regime for which diffusion effects are negligible in a universal sense, i.e. independent of DMA type and flow conditions. The transfer function of the UMR DMA is measured over a wide range of particle sizes and flow conditions. Comparison with Stolzenburg's DMA theory shows that the UMR DMA exhibits almost ideal performance for [Beta]> 0.2 and [Gamma] 0.198 (non-diffusion regime), where [Beta] is the ratio of sample and sheath flow rates. For [Beta]
The book covers the synthesis, classification, characterization, applications and historical background of nanomaterials in various sectors, such as nanosensors, healthcare, solar cells, energy storage, hydrogels, nanocatalysts, sport industry, automobile sector, construction industry, lubricant industry, defense and security, textiles, food sciences, agriculture and biomedical applications. Keywords: Carbon Nanomaterials , Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials, Smart Nanomaterials, Hybrid Nanomaterials, Biomedical Applications, Drug Delivery, Soy Protein Isolate, Healthcare, Perovskite Solar Cells, Nanoemulsions, Lubricant Industry, Binding Materials, Construction Industry, Toxicological Effects, Aquatic Biota, Safety Concerns.
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This book assists scientists, toxicologists, clinicians, and public health regulators to understand the complex issues that determine the impact of air pollution on the cardiovascular system. It covers a range of relevant topics including particulate matter (PM) sources and characterization, methods of exposure, impact of PM on cells and systems, role of particles in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, risk assessment, and potential environmental and therapeutic interventions.