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This book summarizes the geomorphology, geology, geochronology, geophysics and mineral resources of the Congo Basin, one of the world’s most enigmatic and poorly understood major intra-continental sedimentary basins, and its flanking areas of Central Africa. It provides an up to date analysis of the large region’s origin and evolution. The book’s nineteen chapters take the reader through the entire basement history, as well as the Basin’s ca. 700 million years of cover sequences. Starting from its Archean cratons and Proterozoic mobile belts, and proceeding through the Phanerozoic sequences, including the most recent Cenozoic successions, the book also explores the present drainage s...
Evolution of the Pyrenees during the Variscan and Alpine Cycles 1 presents the evolution of geological knowledge of the Pyrenees as a result of major scientific research programs in the early 21st century. This book, dedicated to the Variscan cycle and Cretaceous rifting, traces the evolution of the Pyrenean domain between 340 Ma and 90 Ma. It begins with an analysis of the state of knowledge of the Pyrenean basement, whose structure is inherited from the Variscan evolution of this domain. It then traces the kinematic evolution of the western Mediterranean domain since the Paleozoic. Finally, it discusses the evolution of our knowledge of Cretaceous rifting and the sedimentary and metasomatic processes associated with the individualization of the Iberian–Eurasian plate boundary.
Les brèches sédimentaires correspondent à un agglomérat de clastes anguleux et nous renseignent sur l'histoire du système géologique à l'origine de leur formation. Nous nous focalisons dans le Nord-Est des Pyrénées sur les brèches fini Jurassique dite "brèche limite" et nous montrerons qu'elles résultent d'éboulements et de glissements de terrain liés à la formation de failles normales en contexte extensif. Mots-clés : brèche limite, bèches sédimentaires, bas Agly, extension, éboulement de pente. DOI : 10.51926/ISTE.9124.ch4
Évolution des Pyrénées au cours du cycle varisque et du cycle alpin présente l’évolution des connaissances géologiques pyrénéennes découlant de grands programmes de recherche scientifique du début du XXIe siècle. Cet ouvrage, consacré au cycle varisque et au rifting crétacé, retrace l’évolution du domaine pyrénéen entre 340 Ma et 90 Ma. Il analyse, dans un premier temps, l’état des connaissances du socle des Pyrénées dont la structuration est héritée de l’évolution varisque de ce domaine. Puis il retrace l’évolution cinématique, depuis le Paléozoïque, du domaine méditerranéen occidental. Il traite enfin de l’évolution des connaissances sur le rifting crétacé et les processus sédimentaires et métasomatiques associés à l’individualisation de la limite de plaque Ibérie-Eurasie.
Papers cover the entire spectrum of eolian investigations, ranging from the microscopic level to regional synthesis as well as ancient eolian deposits and their interpretation.
Volume 32 of Reviews in Mineralogy introduces the basic concepts of melt physics and relaxation theory as applied to silicate melts, then to describe the current state of experimental and computer simulation techniques for exploring the detailed atomic structure and dynamic processes which occur at high temperature, and finally to consider the relationships between melt structure, thermodynamic properties and rheology within these liquids. These fundamental relations serve to bridge the extrapolation from often highly simplified melt compositions studied in the laboratory to the multicomponent systems found in nature. This volume focuses on the properties of simple model silicate systems, wh...
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The study of the Earth’s origin, its composition, the processes that changed and shaped it over time and the fossils preserved in rocks, have occupied enquiring minds from ancient times. The contributions in this volume trace the history of ideas and the research of scholars in a wide range of geological disciplines that have paved the way to our present-day understanding and knowledge of the physical nature of our planet and the diversity of life that inhabited it. To mark the 50th anniversary of the founding of the International Commission on the History of Geology (INHIGEO), the book features contributions that give insights into its establishment and progress. In other sections authors reflect on the value of studying the history of the geosciences and provide accounts of early investigations in fields as diverse as tectonics, volcanology, geomorphology, vertebrate palaeontology and petroleum geology. Other papers discuss the establishment of geological surveys, the contribution of women to geology and biographical sketches of noted scholars in various fields of geoscience.