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Soliton Coding for Secured Optical Communication Link
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 66

Soliton Coding for Secured Optical Communication Link

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2014-07-24
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  • Publisher: Springer

Nonlinear behavior of light such as chaos can be observed during propagation of a laser beam inside the microring resonator (MRR) systems. This Brief highlights the design of a system of MRRs to generate a series of logic codes. An optical soliton is used to generate an entangled photon. The ultra-short soliton pulses provide the required communication signals to generate a pair of polarization entangled photons required for quantum keys. In the frequency domain, MRRs can be used to generate optical millimetre-wave solitons with a broadband frequency of 0–100 GHz. The soliton signals are multiplexed and modulated with the logic codes to transmit the data via a network system. The soliton carriers play critical roles to transmit the data via an optical communication link and provide many applications in secured optical communications. Therefore, transmission of data information can be performed via a communication network using soliton pulse carriers. A system known as optical multiplexer can be used to increase the channel capacity and security of the signals.

Microring Resonator for Secured Optical Communication
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 68

Microring Resonator for Secured Optical Communication

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2014-07-21
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  • Publisher: CreateSpace

A novel system of dark soliton array (DSA) for secured communication generated by using the multiplexed dark soliton pulses is proposed. The multi soliton pulses with relevant parameters are input into the micro ring resonators system with the radii of 10 µm and 5 µm, where the dynamic dark solitons can be controlled and generated. The DSA are obtained by using a series micro ring resonators with parameters where in the wavelength range of 1.56, 1.58 and1.60. For security applications, the DSA can be tuned and amplified. Thus, the use of DSA for high capacity which can be realized by using proposed secured system. In transmission, the long distance link of the multi variable network can be performed by this DSA.

Women and Politics in Iran: Veiling, Unveiling and Reveiling
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 359

Women and Politics in Iran: Veiling, Unveiling and Reveiling

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2014-05-14
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Why were urban women veiled in the early 1900s, unveiled from 1936 to 1979, and reveiled after the 1979 revolution? This question forms the basis of Hamideh Sedghi's original and unprecedented contribution to politics and Middle Eastern studies. Using primary and secondary sources, Sedghi offers new knowledge on women's agency in relation to state power. In this rigorous analysis she places contention over women at the centre of the political struggle between secular and religious forces and demonstrates that control over women's identities, sexuality, and labor has been central to the consolidation of state power. Sedghi links politics and culture with economics to present an integrated analysis of the private and public lives of different classes of women and their modes of resistance to state power.

Converting Persia
  • Language: en

Converting Persia

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2015-10-30
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  • Publisher: I.B. Tauris

'Converting Persia' explains how Iran was to acquire one of its defining characteristics: its Shi'ism. Under the Safavids (1501-1736 CE), Persia adopted Shi'ism as its official religion. Rula Abisaab explains how and why this specific brand of Shi'ism - urban and legally-based - was brought to the region by leading Arab 'Ulama from Ottoman Syria, and changed the face of the region till this day. These emigre scholars furnished distinct sources of legitimacy for the Safavid monarchs, and an ideological defense against the Ottomans. Just as important at the time was a conscious and vivid process of Persianization both at the state level and in society. Converting Persia is vital reading for anthropologists, historians and scholars of religion, and any interested in Safavid Persia, in Shi'ism, and in the wider history of the Middle East.

Fiscal Sustainability and the Fiscal Reaction Function for South Africa
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 30

Fiscal Sustainability and the Fiscal Reaction Function for South Africa

How does the South African government react to changes in its debt position? In investigating the question, this paper estimates fiscal reaction functions using various methods (OLS, VAR, TAR, GMM, State-Space modelling and VECM). The paper finds that since 1946 the South African government has ran a sustainable fiscal policy, by reducing the primary deficit or increasing the surplus in response to rising debt. Looking ahead, the paper considers the use of fiscal reaction functions to forecast the debt/GDP ratio and gauging the likelihood of achieving policy goals with the aid of probabilistic simulations and fan charts.

The History of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 39
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 446

The History of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 39

The present volume is a collection of excerpts from al-Ṭabarī's biographical work entitled The Supplement to the Supplemented (Dhayl al-mudhayyal). In the introduction to his History, al-Ṭabarī declared his intention to append to it a biographical work for the reader's convenience. Only a collection of excerpts has survived, however. It was first published as part of the Leiden edition of the History and is now presented as a volume in the Ṭabarī Translation Project. It brings together biographies of Companions, successors, and scholars of subsequent generations; many chapters are devoted to women related to the Prophet who played a role in the transmission of knowledge. The biograp...

The Blind Owl
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 108

The Blind Owl

Tells the story of an unnamed pen case painter, the narrator, who sees in his macabre, feverish nightmares that "the presence of death annihilates all that is imaginary. We are the offspring of death and death delivers us from the tantalizing, fraudulent attractions of life; it is death that beckons us from the depths of life. If at times we come to a halt, we do so to hear the call of death... Throughout our lives, the finger of death points at us." The narrator addresses his murderous confessions to the shadow on his wall resembling an owl. His confessions do not follow a linear progression of events and often repeat and layer themselves thematically, thus lending to the open-ended nature of interpretation of the story.

Degradation of Implant Materials
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 521

Degradation of Implant Materials

This book reviews the current understanding of the mechanical, chemical and biological processes that are responsible for the degradation of a variety of implant materials. All 18 chapters will be written by internationally renowned experts to address both fundamental and practical aspects of research into the field. Different failure mechanisms such as corrosion, fatigue, and wear will be reviewed, together with experimental techniques for monitoring them, either in vitro or in vivo. Procedures for implant retrieval and analysis will be presented. A variety of biomaterials (stainless steels, titanium and its alloys, nitinol, magnesium alloys, polyethylene, biodegradable polymers, silicone gel, hydrogels, calcium phosphates) and medical devices (orthopedic and dental implants, stents, heart valves, breast implants) will be analyzed in detail. The book will serve as a broad reference source for graduate students and researchers studying biomedicine, corrosion, surface science, and electrochemistry.

Handbook of AI-based Metaheuristics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 584

Handbook of AI-based Metaheuristics

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2021-09-01
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  • Publisher: CRC Press

At the heart of the optimization domain are mathematical modeling of the problem and the solution methodologies. The problems are becoming larger and with growing complexity. Such problems are becoming cumbersome when handled by traditional optimization methods. This has motivated researchers to resort to artificial intelligence (AI)-based, nature-inspired solution methodologies or algorithms. The Handbook of AI-based Metaheuristics provides a wide-ranging reference to the theoretical and mathematical formulations of metaheuristics, including bio-inspired, swarm-based, socio-cultural, and physics-based methods or algorithms; their testing and validation, along with detailed illustrative solutions and applications; and newly devised metaheuristic algorithms. This will be a valuable reference for researchers in industry and academia, as well as for all Master’s and PhD students working in the metaheuristics and applications domains.

Governance for Development
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 276

Governance for Development

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2016-04-29
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  • Publisher: Springer

Analyzing Bangladesh's governance problems and drawing insights that will be relevant to other developing countries, this book sharpens our understanding of governance and suggests political and administrative reforms to improve governance and facilitate faster development.