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New Synthetic Opioids (NSOs), most of which are illegally produced and sold for recreational use, are posing a serious threat to the health of consumers. Due to the low cost of materials and equipment required for clandestine laboratories production with respect to the production cost of heroin, NSOs are climbing the illegal street and web drug market. Several of these drugs have been involved in a recent rise in acute intoxications and overdose deaths. Since NSOs offer enormous profit potential, and there is strong demand for their use, these drugs are being trafficked by organized crime and present major challenges for medical professionals facing intoxications and fatalities, law enforcement agencies fighting against their diffusion and policymakers trying to restrain the use and abuse of NSOs. This Research Topic aimed to fill the gap on current knowledge on pharmacology and toxicology, health risks for adult and newborns of NSOs covering both basic scientific as well as epidemiological and clinical aspects. 3 reviews, 3 mini-reviews, 1 original article, 2 case reports and 1 opinion are here presented.
This collection provides detailed information on current advances in analytical methods and strategies employed for monitoring and discovering a wide range of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in clinical and forensic laboratories. The main classes of NPS in terms of prevalence include synthetic cannabinoids, synthetic cathinones, synthetic opioids, and designer or synthetic benzodiazepines, and this book explores selecting the appropriate sample matrix and analytical testing approaches for laboratories faced with NPS drug testing, such as in blood, urine, saliva, and hair. Written for the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, chapters in this volume feature the kind of detailed i...
Written by well-known, international authors, this comprehensive reference provides practical coverage of the best hair drug testing techniques and examines the drugs themselves. The authors review all new developments, the validation of analytical procedures, and the interpretation of data. Some of the applications discussed include doping, drug-facilitated crime investigating, workplace testing, and the granting of drivers' licenses. The authors describe specific drugs, such as opiates, cocaine, and cannabis, and discuss the different testing methods of them. The book also covers postmortem toxicology, pitfalls created by passive exposure, and testing for metals, including inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS), hair multielemen
The present Special Issue, “Innovative Extraction Techniques and Hyphenated Instrument Configuration for Complex Matrices Analysis”, aims to collect and to disseminate some of the most significant and recent contributions in the interdisciplinary area of innovative extraction procedures from complex matrices followed by validated analytical methods using hyphenated instrument configurations to support the optimization of the whole process and the scale-up possibility