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The Exocrine Pancreas
The secretions of the exocrine pancreas provide for digestion of a meal into components that are then available for processing and absorption by the intestinal epithelium. Without the exocrine pancreas, malabsorption and malnutrition result. This chapter describes the cellular participants responsible for the secretion of digestive enzymes and fluid that in combination provide a pancreatic secretion that accomplishes the digestive functions of the gland. Key cellular participants, the acinar cell and the duct cell, are responsible for digestive enzyme and fluid secretion, respectively, of the exocrine pancreas. This chapter describes the neurohumoral pathways that mediate the pancreatic response to a meal as well as details of the cellular mechanisms that are necessary for the organ responses, including protein synthesis and transport and ion transports, and the regulation of these responses by intracellular signaling systems. Examples of pancreatic diseases resulting from dysfunction in cellular mechanisms provide emphasis of the importance of the normal physiologic mechanisms.
Surgical Diseases of the Pancreas and Biliary Tree
This book provides an evidence-based approach to the diagnosis and surgical management of the diseases of the pancreas and biliary tree, highlighting the most recent findings. The chapters are designed to accompany the reader on a step-by-step approach to the patient, providing the latest evidence to justify each recommendation. Wherever feasible and indicated, emphasis is placed on the use of tables and algorithms to simplify decision-making. The information contained in this well-referenced book is thus relevant not only to practicing pancreatobiliary and general surgeons, but also offers valuable guidance for surgical trainees. This book covers 14 diseases of the pancreas and biliary tree, from the more common gallstones and common bile duct stones, acute and chronic pancreatitis, to more complex benign conditions such as biliary fistulae and strictures, as well as cystic tumors of the pancreas, and finally the major malignancies include gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer and hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer: Underlying Mechanisms and Potential Targets
Pancreatic Cancer has been and still is one of the deadliest types of human malignancies. The annual mortality rates almost equal incidence rates making this disease virtually universally fatal. The 5-year survival of patients with pancreatic cancer is a dismal 5% or less. Therapeutic strategies are extremely limited with gemcitabine extending the survival by a disappointing few weeks. The failure of several randomized clinical trials in the past decade investigating the therapeutic efficacy of different mono- and combination therapies reflects our limited knowledge of pancreatic cancer biology. In addition, biomarkers for early detection are sorely missing. Several pancreatic cancer risk fa...
The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond
This Research Topic eBook includes articles from Volume I and II of The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond series: Research Topic “The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond, Volume I” Research Topic “The Future of Physiology: 2020 and Beyond, Volume II” The term Physiology was introduced in the 16th century by Jean Francois Fernel to describe the study of the normal function of the body as opposed to pathology, the study of disease. Over the ensuing centuries, the concept of physiology has evolved and a central tenet that unites all the various sub-disciplines of physiology has emerged: the quest to understand how the various components of an organism from the sub-cellular and cel...
Calcium-Activated Chloride Channels
This volume draws together studies on the diverse group of calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCS) in one comprehensive format. The characteristics of CaCCs identified in a number of different systems are described by experts in the field. Channels discussed include those described in cardiac, neuronal, endothelial and epithelial systems, in addition to sections on the CaCC of Xenopus Oocytes and the newly identified family of CLCA proteins. Key Features * Includes description of CaCCs in excitable and non-excitable tissues * Reviews identification and cloning of the CLCA protein family * Contains section on CaCCs in Xenopus Oocytes
