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Moriz Nähr - photographer of Viennese modernism
Moriz Nähr is among the most unconventional photographers of Viennese Modernism and is considered one of the most important innovators of photography in Vienna around 1900. Engaged by various commissioners,0but also working as a freelance photographer, he left behind a multi-faceted oeuvre which traces an arc from landscape photography and portraiture via architectural photographs of?urban landscapes? to capturing the modern exhibition stagings of the Vienna Secession since 1898. Firmly embedded into the social and cultural network of Vienna, he had ties to the Imperial House of Habsburg, especially to the heir to the throne Archduke Franz Ferdinand, who appointed him court photographer in 1908, but also to the eminent personalities of the art and culture scene around 1900 especially to the members of the Vienna Secession whose exhibitions he documented. Nähr enjoyed a life-long friendship with the Jugendstil artist Gustav Klimt and with Ludwig Wittgenstein, which were characterized by a reciprocal and fruitful artistic exchange.
Physiognomy at the Crossroad of Magic, Science, and the Arts
The essays examine how the study of facial features or expressions as indicative of character or ethnicity, has evolved from the crossroad of magic, religion and primitive medicine to present-day cultural concern for wellness and beauty. In this context, the discoveries of cranio-facial neurophysiology and psychology and the practice of cosmetic and reconstructive surgery have a centuries-old relationship with physiognomy. As the study of outward appearances evolved from its classical roots and self-representations through 18th- and 19th-century adaptations in fiction and travelogues, it gradually became a scientific discipline. Along the way, physiognomy was associated with phrenology and c...
Life Forms in the Thinking of the Long Eighteenth Century
For many years, scholars have been moving away from the idea of a singular, secular, rationalistic, and mechanistic “Enlightenment project.” Historian Peter Reill has been one of those at the forefront of this development, demonstrating the need for a broader and more varied understanding of eighteenth-century conceptions of nature. Life Forms in the Thinking of the Long Eighteenth Century is a unique reappraisal of Enlightenment thought on nature, biology, and the organic world that responds to Reill’s work. The ten essays included in the collection analyse the place of historicism, vitalism, and esotericism in the eighteenth century – three strands of thought rarely connected, but all of which are central to Reill’s innovative work. Working across national and regional boundaries, they engage not only French and English but also Italian, Swiss, and German writers.
About Face
A critical history of physiognomic thought in German-speaking Europe that traces the roots of twentieth-century racial profiling to the Enlightenment.
