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Dopamine
The chemical basis of human emotions has been an exciting aspect in biology. The "feel-good chemical" dopamine (DA) is a hormone and also a neurotransmitter, which performs a critical role in reward and movement control in the brain. DA also performs multiple other functions outside the brain. Regulating unrelated critical biological functions makes this chemical a vital factor for sustaining life in both health and disease. Dopamine - Health and Disease is an endeavour with an objective to understand and appreciate the biological functions of DA in human wellbeing and its potential utility in biomedical research. This effort will supplement scientific and non-scientific communities in stimulating a critical understanding of the biological purpose of "ticklish" DA, which eventually supports the human relentless effort to reduce the burden of disease. As the most exciting molecule,dopamine directly impacts day-to-day life. Anyone who has an eye for health and disease-related concepts will find this book a good read.
Sex Hormones in Neurodegenerative Processes and Diseases
The book provides chapters on sex hormones and their modulation in neurodegenerative processes and pathologies, from basic molecular mechanisms, physiology, gender differences, to neuroprotection and clinical aspects for potential novel pharmacotherapy approaches. The book contains 14 chapters written by authors from various biomedical professions, from basic researchers in biology and physiology to medicine and veterinary medicine, pharmacologists, psychiatrist, etc. Chapters sum up the past and current knowledge on sex hormones, representing original new insights into their role in brain functioning, mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. The book is written for a broad range of audience, from biomedical students to highly profiled medical specialists and biomedical researchers, helping them to expand their knowledge on sex hormones in neurodegenerative processes and opening new questions for further investigation.
Neurotoxicity
Neurotoxins are natural or chemical compounds that can disturb the neurological system of mammals. The neurotoxic potential of a neurotoxin is a consequence that may occur if tissue concentrations surpass a particular threshold. Chemicals disrupt adult brain function by interfering with the structure and function of various neuronal pathways, circuits, and systems in diverse ways. Neurotoxicity - New Advances provides updated information about neurotoxicity and neurotoxic chemicals including nanomaterials and pesticides. It also discusses prevention and treatment strategies. This book is an instructive and valuable guide to understanding neurotoxicity and identifying neurotoxicity mechanisms and neurotoxic disorders.
Melatonin Pretreatment Effect in a Parkinson Disease Experimental Model Induced by the Inhalation of Manganese in Mice
Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neuron loss of the substantia nigra compacta (SNc) and motor alterations. Here, we used the experimental model of inhalation of the mixture of manganese chloride (MnCl2) and manganese acetate Mn (OAc)3 for inducing PD. This model causes bilateral and progressive degeneration of the SNc dopaminergic neurons. Melatonin has antioxidant properties and it has been suggested that it contributes to the protective effect in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether melatonin pretreatment protects against the Mn-induced alterations. Before Mn inhalation, three groups were trained for motor performance (1. control group...
Neural Synapse Research Trends
Chemical synapses are specialised junctions through which cells of the nervous system signal to one another and to non-neuronal cells such as muscles or glands. A chemical synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle cell is called a neuromuscular junction. Chemical synapses allow the neurons of the central nervous system to form interconnected neural circuits. They are thus crucial to the biological computations that underlie perception and thought. They also provide the means through which the nervous system connects to and controls the other systems of the body. The human brain contains a huge number of chemical synapses, with young children having about 1016 synapses (10,000 trillion[1].). This number declines with age, stabilising by adulthood. Estimates for an adult vary from 1015 to 5 × 1015 synapses (1,000 to 5,000 trillion).
Parkinson’s Disease - Animal Models, Current Therapies and Clinical Trials
Despite being described about 200 years ago, the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is not well understood due to its complex etiology and heterogeneity of symptoms and progression. Animal models provide a great opportunity to follow the progression of neurodegeneration and to screen potent therapeutic molecules, knowledge of which can be critical for different levels of clinical trials. Contemporary health technologies are coming in handy to accelerate the pace of developing novel and refined therapeutic strategies for PD. This book, Parkinson’s Disease - Animal Models, Current Therapies and Clinical Trials, provides a comprehensive overview of PD, presenting information on animal models of PD and contemporary therapeutic strategies, health technologies, clinical trials, and their influence on the quality of life of patients with PD.
The Magic of Melatonin
Everything you need to know about the sleep-regulating hormone melatonin! We've always been told maintaining a healthy sleep cycle is of utmost importance to your day-to-day health. But have we ever been told why? Anyone familiar with chronobiology (the science of natural physiological rhythms) knows that the hormone melatonin is the foundation hormone for the circadian rhythm research. In fact, melatonin and sleep research is one of the most fundamental and best-known rhythms in the human body. Disturbance of the melatonin cycle due to any reason interferes with the sleep/wake cycle, which ultimately leads to a number of other neurobehavioral and psychological problems. Due to the widesprea...
Flores del agua
An anthology of Spanish women writers from the fifteenth through the nineteenth century. Water Lilies brings to light a rich & until now, largely invisible version of Spanish literary history. These hard-to-find works, most translated for the first time, are printed on facing pages in Spanish & English & are located within a critical, biographical & historical overview.
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Handbook of Polymer Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing
Covering a broad range of polymer science topics, Handbook of Polymer Synthesis, Characterization, and Processing provides polymer industry professionals and researchers in polymer science and technology with a single, comprehensive handbook summarizing all aspects involved in the polymer production chain. The handbook focuses on industrially important polymers, analytical techniques, and formulation methods, with chapters covering step-growth, radical, and co-polymerization, crosslinking and grafting, reaction engineering, advanced technology applications, including conjugated, dendritic, and nanomaterial polymers and emulsions, and characterization methods, including spectroscopy, light scattering, and microscopy.
