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Advances in Solid State Physics 48
The 2008 Spring Meeting of the Arbeitskreis Festkörperphysik was held in Berlin, Germany, between February 24 and February 29, 2008 in conjunction with the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. The 2008 meeting was the largest physics meeting in Europe and among the largest physics meetings in the world in 2008.
Properties of Water from Numerical and Experimental Perspectives
As the most important liquid in our life and one of the most abundant molecules in the universe, water is the least understood substance with a very rich phase diagram (at least 18 crystalline forms and two liquids) and more that 60 dynamical/thermodynamic anomalies whose origins are still under debate. Properties of Water from Numerical and Experimental Perspectives gathers together leading scientists and experts in the field of water. By merging the theoretical/computational point of view with experimental approaches, it presents a state-of-the-art description of the properties of water, enlightening the source of the anomalies of water and describing how such anomalies actively affect the functioning of biological substances.
Proceedings Of The First Interdisciplinary Chess Interactions Conference
This unique proceedings volume offers one of the very first truly interdisciplinary conferences ever organized. More than 15 papers in this volume are written by some of the most acclaimed researchers in their field. Contributions range over a very wide spectrum of disciplines: biology; computer science; economics; education; health sciences; operations research; philosophy; physics; psychology; mathematics; music and sociology.
Perspectives And Challenges In Statistical Physics And Complex Systems For The Next Decade
Statistical Physics (SP) has followed an unusual evolutionary path in science. Originally aiming to provide a fundamental basis for another important branch of Physics, namely Thermodynamics, SP gradually became an independent field of research in its own right. But despite more than a century of steady progress, there are still plenty of challenges and open questions in the SP realm.In fact, the area is still rapidly evolving, in contrast to other branches of science, which already have well defined scopes and borderlines of applicability. This difference is due to the steadily expanding number of applications, as well as ongoing improvements and revisions of concepts and methods in SP. Suc...
Relaxation and Diffusion in Complex Systems
The usefulness of the book to the reader is exposure to many different classes of materials and relaxation phenomena. They are tied together by the universal relaxation and diffusion properties they share, and a consistent explanation of their origin. The readers can apply what they learn to solve their own problems and use it as a stepping-stone to make further advances in theoretical understanding of the origin of the universality.
Unifying Concepts in Granular Media and Glasses
Deep connections are emerging in the physics of non-thermal systems,such as granular media, and other "complex systems" such as glass formers, spin glasses, colloids or gels. This book discusses the unifying physical theories, developed in recent years, for the description of these systems. The special focus of the book is on recent important developments in the formulation of a Statistical Mechanics approach to granular media and the description of out-of-equilibrium dynamics, such as "jamming" phenomena, ubiquitous in these "complex systems". The book collects contributions from leading researchers in these fields, providing both an introduction, at a graduate level, to these rapidly developing subjects and featuring an up to date, self contained, presentation of theoretical and experimental developments for researchers in areas ranging from Chemistry, to Engineering and Physical Sciences.·the book discusses very hot topics in physical sciences·it includes contributions from the most prominent researchers in the area·it is clearly written and self contained
Dynamics: Models and Kinetic Methods for Non-equilibrium Many Body Systems
Recent years have witnessed a resurgence in the kinetic approach to dynamic many-body problems. Modern kinetic theory offers a unifying theoretical framework within which a great variety of seemingly unrelated systems can be explored in a coherent way. Kinetic methods are currently being applied in such areas as the dynamics of colloidal suspensions, granular material flow, electron transport in mesoscopic systems, the calculation of Lyapunov exponents and other properties of classical many-body systems characterised by chaotic behaviour. The present work focuses on Brownian motion, dynamical systems, granular flows, and quantum kinetic theory.
The Optical Clearing Method
This book describes the Optical Immersion Clearing method and its application to acquire information with importance for clinical practice and various fields of biomedical engineering. The method has proved to be a reliable means of increasing tissue transparency, allowing the investigator or surgeon to reach deeper tissue layers for improved imaging and laser surgery. This result is obtained by partial replacement of tissue water with an active optical clearing agent (OCA) that has a higher refractive index and is a better match for the refractive index of other tissue components. Natural tissue scattering is thereby reduced. An exponential increase in research using this method has occurre...
Water: Fundamentals as the Basis for Understanding the Environment and Promoting Technology
Water: fascinating in all its phases, forms and states of aggregation. Without it, life as we know it would not exist on Earth, for as Paracelsus stated in the 16th century: “water is the matrix of the world and of all its creatures”. While it may appear to be a simple molecule, there is still much about it which is not fully understood. What is notably lacking is a microscopically-based understanding of the reasons for the many anomalous properties of water. This book presents lectures from the Enrico Fermi summer school ‘Water: fundamentals as the basis for understanding the environment and promoting technology’ held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2013. The aim of the school was to off...
Advanced Topics in Shannon Sampling and Interpolation Theory
Advanced Topics in Shannon Sampling and Interpolation Theory is the second volume of a textbook on signal analysis solely devoted to the topic of sampling and restoration of continuous time signals and images. Sampling and reconstruction are fundamental problems in any field that deals with real-time signals or images, including communication engineering, image processing, seismology, speech recognition, and digital signal processing. This second volume includes contributions from leading researchers in the field on such topics as Gabor's signal expansion, sampling in optical image formation, linear prediction theory, polar and spiral sampling theory, interpolation from nonuniform samples, an extension of Papoulis's generalized sampling expansion to higher dimensions, and applications of sampling theory to optics and to time-frequency representations. The exhaustive bibliography on Shannon sampling theory will make this an invaluable research tool as well as an excellent text for students planning further research in the field.
