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The Many Valued and Nonmonotonic Turn in Logic
The present volume of the Handbook of the History of Logic brings together two of the most important developments in 20th century non-classical logic. These are many-valuedness and non-monotonicity. On the one approach, in deference to vagueness, temporal or quantum indeterminacy or reference-failure, sentences that are classically non-bivalent are allowed as inputs and outputs to consequence relations. Many-valued, dialetheic, fuzzy and quantum logics are, among other things, principled attempts to regulate the flow-through of sentences that are neither true nor false. On the second, or non-monotonic, approach, constraints are placed on inputs (and sometimes on outputs) of a classical conse...
The Mathematics of the Uncertain
This book is a tribute to Professor Pedro Gil, who created the Department of Statistics, OR and TM at the University of Oviedo, and a former President of the Spanish Society of Statistics and OR (SEIO). In more than eighty original contributions, it illustrates the extent to which Mathematics can help manage uncertainty, a factor that is inherent to real life. Today it goes without saying that, in order to model experiments and systems and to analyze related outcomes and data, it is necessary to consider formal ideas and develop scientific approaches and techniques for dealing with uncertainty. Mathematics is crucial in this endeavor, as this book demonstrates. As Professor Pedro Gil highlig...
Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty
These are the proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning with Uncertainty, ECSQARU 2005, held in Barcelona (Spain), July 6–8, 2005. The ECSQARU conferences are biennial and have become a major forum for advances in the theory and practice of r- soning under uncertainty. The ?rst ECSQARU conference was held in Marseille (1991), and after in Granada (1993), Fribourg (1995), Bonn (1997), London (1999), Toulouse (2001) and Aalborg (2003). The papers gathered in this volume were selected out of 130 submissions, after a strict review process by the members of the Program Committee, to be presented at ECSQARU 2005. In addition, the conference i...
Beyond Two: Theory and Applications of Multiple-Valued Logic
This volume represents the state of the art for much current research in many-valued logics. Primary researchers in the field are among the authors. Major methodological issues of many-valued logics are treated, as well as applications of many-valued logics to reasoning with fuzzy information. Areas covered include: Algebras of multiple valued logics and their applications, proof theory and automated deduction in multiple valued logics, fuzzy logics and their applications, and multiple valued logics for control theory and rational belief.
On Fuzziness
The notion of Fuzziness stands as one of the really new concepts that have recently enriched the world of Science. Science grows not only through technical and formal advances on one side and useful applications on the other side, but also as consequence of the introduction and assimilation of new concepts in its corpus. These, in turn, produce new developments and applications. And this is what Fuzziness, one of the few new concepts arisen in the XX Century, has been doing so far. This book aims at paying homage to Professor Lotfi A. Zadeh, the “father of fuzzy logic” and also at giving credit to his exceptional work and personality. In a way, this is reflected in the variety of contrib...
Preferences and Similarities
The fields of similarity and preference are still broadening due to the exploration of new fields of application. This is caused by the strong impact of vagueness, imprecision, uncertainty and dominance on human and agent information, communication, planning, decision, action, and control as well as by the technical progress of the information technology itself. The topics treated in this book are of interest to computer scientists, statisticians, operations researchers, experts in AI, cognitive psychologists and economists.
Accuracy and Fuzziness. A Life in Science and Politics
This book, which goes far beyond a traditional collection of technical articles, is dedicated to Enric Trillas, a fuzzy systems pioneer but also an internationally renowned researcher in other areas of science, such as mathematics and aerospace, and an outstanding manager of scientific affairs in Spain. Some of the contributions in this book develop technical, state-of-the-art themes obviously related to fuzzy logic, while others resemble popular-science articles that shed light on complex mathematical concepts. There are also chapters that highlight the authors’ personal relationships and experiences working with Enric Trillas. While planning this book project, the editors decided to give...
Beyond Traditional Probabilistic Data Processing Techniques: Interval, Fuzzy etc. Methods and Their Applications
Data processing has become essential to modern civilization. The original data for this processing comes from measurements or from experts, and both sources are subject to uncertainty. Traditionally, probabilistic methods have been used to process uncertainty. However, in many practical situations, we do not know the corresponding probabilities: in measurements, we often only know the upper bound on the measurement errors; this is known as interval uncertainty. In turn, expert estimates often include imprecise (fuzzy) words from natural language such as "small"; this is known as fuzzy uncertainty. In this book, leading specialists on interval, fuzzy, probabilistic uncertainty and their combination describe state-of-the-art developments in their research areas. Accordingly, the book offers a valuable guide for researchers and practitioners interested in data processing under uncertainty, and an introduction to the latest trends and techniques in this area, suitable for graduate students.
Artificial Intelligence Research and Development
There was a time when AI was seen by many as science fiction, i.e., the healthy endeavour of speculating about the future. Now the future is here. AI has passed from being a visionary discipline to lying at the core of many commercial enterprises. AI programs scattered through the web influence nowadays our lives: by extracting profiles and offering tailored advertisement, helping us in our searches, establishing social networks, providing entertainment...And not just in the net, but also in the physical world. In Japan there are robots that guide customers through marketplaces advising them where to find the product matching their needs, and realistic replicas of university professors allow...
Petr Hájek on Mathematical Fuzzy Logic
This volume celebrates the work of Petr Hájek on mathematical fuzzy logic and presents how his efforts have influenced prominent logicians who are continuing his work. The book opens with a discussion on Hájek's contribution to mathematical fuzzy logic and with a scientific biography of him, progresses to include two articles with a foundation flavour, that demonstrate some important aspects of Hájek's production, namely, a paper on the development of fuzzy sets and another paper on some fuzzy versions of set theory and arithmetic. Articles in the volume also focus on the treatment of vagueness, building connections between Hájek's favorite fuzzy logic and linguistic models of vagueness....
