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Cycling and Recycling
Technology has long been an essential consideration in public discussions of the environment, with the focus overwhelmingly on creating new tools and techniques. In more recent years, however, activists, researchers, and policymakers have increasingly turned to mobilizing older technologies in their pursuit of sustainability. In fascinating case studies ranging from the Early Modern secondhand trade to utopian visions of human-powered vehicles, the contributions gathered here explore the historical fortunes of two such technologies—bicycling and waste recycling—tracing their development over time and providing valuable context for the policy successes and failures of today.
Welcome to the Anthropocene
The catalog accompanying the exhibition explores the concept of the Anthropocene. It looks at the complexity of human influence on the Earth and how this is reflected in urban development, mobility, energy, climate, food, nature, and global justice. In the essay section, contribution by distinguished scholars discuss the history of the concept of the Anthropocene, its characteristics and consequences, and life in the Anthropocene both today and in the future, as well as the importance of the idea for education, research, and museums. Artistic and literary contributions offer new ways of looking at the changing relationship between humans and nature. Finally,a "making of" section explains the design choices and guiding principles behind the exhibition.
Physics and Politics
Science - with physics center-stage - and politics are two discrete but strongly intertwined parts of society. The book discusses the complex relationship between politics, especially the sharp political caesuras in 20th century German history, on the one hand and the manifold continuities in physics of the same period on the other hand. A first set of articles frames the organizational systems and performative structures of funding and supporting research as part of the political subsystem of society. A second set of comparative articles tackles regions and countries which are usually not in the focus of historians of science: the Ukraine, Japan, and China. The volume results from the research program on the history of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft from 1920 to 1970 and seeks to place the history of the DFG into international contexts.
Manifesting Medicine
The flesh," will be confronting big subjects: blood, life, danger, & conception. All those interested in how medicine affects the culture of the healthy well as the fate of the sick will find this volume of interest.
European Union Research Policy
This book describes the emergence of research policy as a key competence of the European Union (EU). It shows how the European Community (EC, the predecessor of the EU), which initially had very limited legal competence in the field, progressively developed a solid policy framework presenting science and research as indispensable tools for European economic competitiveness and growth. In the late 20th century Western Europe, hungry for growth, concerned about the American technological lead, and keen to compete in the increasingly open international markets, the argument for a joint European effort in science and technology seemed plausible. However, the EC was building its new functions in ...
Weimar Culture and Quantum Mechanics
This volume reprints Paul Forman's classic papers on the history of physics in post-World War I Germany and the invention of quantum mechanics. The Forman thesis has become famous as the first argument in favor of the cultural conditioning of scientific knowledge, in particular for its demonstration of the historical connection between the culture of Weimar Germany — known for its irrationality and antiscientism — and the emerging concept of quantum acausality. At the 2007 international conference in Vancouver, Canada, leading historians of physics discussed the implications of the Forman thesis in the historiography of modern science. Their papers collected in this volume represent a cutting-edge research on the history of quantum revolution.
Tackling Transport
In this book historians from museums and academia examine transport artefacts and the systems of mobility in which they are embedded. Large artefacts -- such as the Stephensons' Rocket locomotive, a Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, a Ford Model T -- are impressive manifestations of engineering ingenuity. They help museum visitors understand the design and use of the technologies that move people and goods. But they are also historical icons, so different audiences -- be they professional historians of technology or casual visitors -- will interpret them in different ways. In a transport exhibition individual artefacts can dominate a visitor's attention, overwhelming the themes expressed by other ...
Science and Ideology
Does science work best in a democracy? Were 'Soviet' or 'Nazi' science fundamentally different from science in the USA? These questions have been passionately debated in the recent past. Particular developments in science took place under particular political regimes, but they may or may not have been directly determined by them. Science and Ideology brings together a number of comparative case studies to examine the relationship between science and the dominant ideology of a state. Cybernetics in the USA is compared to France and the Soviet Union. Postwar Allied science policy in occupied Germany is juxtaposed to that in Japan. The essays are narrowly focussed, yet cover a wide range of countries and ideologies. The collection provides a unique comparative history of scientific policies and practices in the 20th century.
The Kaiser Wilhelm Society Under National Socialism
This book examines the Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes under Hitler, illustrating the cooperation between scientists and National Socialists in service of autarky, racial hygiene, war, and genocide.
