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The Impact of Cash Transfers on School Enrollment: Evidence from Ecuador
Abstract: This paper presents evidence about the impact on school enrollment of a program in Ecuador that gives cash transfers to the 40 percent poorest families. The evaluation design consists of a randomized experiment for families around the first quintile of the poverty index and of a regression discontinuity design for families around the second quintile of this index, which is the program's eligibility threshold. This allows us to compare results from two different credible identification methods, and to investigate whether the impact varies with families' poverty level. Around the first quintile of the poverty index the impact is positive while it is equal to zero around the second quintile. This suggests that for the poorest families the program lifts a credit constraint while this is not the case for families close to the eligibility threshold.
The Economics of Poverty Traps
What circumstances or behaviors turn poverty into a cycle that perpetuates across generations? The answer to this question carries especially important implications for the design and evaluation of policies and projects intended to reduce poverty. Yet a major challenge analysts and policymakers face in understanding poverty traps is the sheer number of mechanisms—not just financial, but also environmental, physical, and psychological—that may contribute to the persistence of poverty all over the world. The research in this volume explores the hypothesis that poverty is self-reinforcing because the equilibrium behaviors of the poor perpetuate low standards of living. Contributions explore...
Conditional Cash Transfers
Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs aim to reduce poverty by making welfare programs conditional upon the receivers' actions. That is, the government only transfers the money to persons who meet certain criteria. These criteria may include enrolling children into public schools, getting regular check-ups at the doctor's office, receiving vaccinations, or the like. They have been hailed as a way of reducing inequality and helping households break out of a vicious cycle whereby poverty is transmitted from one generation to another. Do these and other claims make sense? Are they supported by the available empirical evidence? This volume seeks to answer these and other related questions. Sp...
International Aid and Private Schools for the Poor
ÔPauline Dixon has intellectual rigour and an openness to new ideas, together with compassion and practicality. A great and unusual combination which I admire enormously.Õ Ð Dame Sally Morgan, Adviser to the Board, Absolute Return for Kids and former chief advisor to Tony Blair, UK ÔThis fine book has a powerful message for policymakers and donors: the quality of schools matters even in poor countries; hence, the poor are abandoning failed state schools and enrolling their kids in low cost private schools. Instead of trying to close them down, the state and donors would do well to invest in children (through vouchers and cash transfers) and give parents a choice rather than create more a...
Es posible pensar una nueva política social para América Latina
Se discute desde un punto de vista teórico, los diferentes enfoques de la política social y se analiza el fenómeno de la migración.
The World Bank Research Program 2008-2009
'The World Bank Research Program 2008-2009: Abstracts of Current Studies' is a compendium of research projects initiated, ongoing, or completed in fiscal years 2008 to 2009 by World Bank staff and consultants.
Reformas y desarrollo en el Ecuador contemporáneo
Una vez superada la crisis financiera de finales del siglo pasado, Ecuador se adentró en una prolongada etapa de crecimiento económico que permitió reducir la incidencia de la pobreza a mínimos históricos y favoreció el surgimiento de una clase media pujante. Sin embargo, el estallido del shock petrolero a finales de 2014 volvió a empujar al país a una coyuntura de inestabilidad económica que pone en entredicho la sostenibilidad de algunos de los avances logrados en el pasado reciente. Este libro analiza los pilares del modelo de desarrollo que se conformó gradualmente en Ecuador durante las últimas dos décadas. También plantea una serie de recomendaciones de política que pretenden conjugar los objetivos de reforzar el marco de las políticas macroeconómicas ecuatorianas con el de seguir superando los obstáculos estructurales que aún hoy en día frenan el progreso económico y social del país. De este modo, este volumen ofrece una base empírica para la reflexión y el debate que se requieren en la transición de Ecuador hacia un modelo de desarrollo más acorde con sus circunstancias actuales.
Políticas educativas y desempeño
Qué tipo de política es la adecuada para aumentar el acceso y la calidad de la educación?. este libro propone estudiar la política educativa en América Latina y Ecuador durante los últimos quince años.
