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Temat okupacji, rozumianej jako narzucony system terroru, gwałtownie zmieniający dane społeczeństwo i dotykający każdego obywatela, nie jest ani przedmiotem gruntownych badań historycznych, ani głównym elementem pamięci kulturowej. Okupacja, jako doświadczenie historyczne, budzi też w wielu krajach odmienne recepcje, a w Niemczech w pamięci komunikatywnej i kulturowej kojarzona jest z okresem 1945–1949, gdy Niemcy znajdowały się pod pokojową okupacją aliantów. Z perspektywy różnorodnych doświadczeń okupacji w Europie oraz jej znaczenia dla zrozumienia traumy i interpretacji wojny w Polsce nowe spojrzenie na codzienność 1939–1945 i jej pamiętanie staje się ważny...
From the moment of its inception, the East German state sought to cast itself as a clean break from the horrors of National Socialism. Nonetheless, the precipitous rise of xenophobic, far-right parties across the present-day German East is only the latest evidence that the GDR’s legacy cannot be understood in isolation from the Nazi era nor the political upheavals of today. This provocative collection reflects on the heretofore ignored or repressed aspects of German mainstream society—including right-wing extremism, anti-Semitism and racism—to call for an ambitious renewal of historical research and political education to place East Germany in its proper historical context.
This sensitive yet incisive book addresses the medical treatment of children in the city of Strasbourg during Nazi occupation. Exploring more than 1,000 previously undocumented patient files, it illuminates starkly the workings of paediatric care at a pivotal moment in history. Issues of nationality, social class, and diagnosis all contributed to the experience of each child, and here extensive data analysis is deployed to back up poignant individual stories. This is the first ever demographic overview of a vulnerable group who were treated in the hospital of the Reichsuniversität Straßburg. Veering away from the well-established, top-down approach of examining the doctors, instead it make...
This book considers tourism to memorial sites from a visitor’s point of view, challenging established theories in tourism and memory studies by critically appraising Germany’s often celebrated memory culture. Based on visitor observations and exit interviews, this book examines how domestic and international visitors negotiate their visits to the concentration camp memorials Ravensbrück and Flossenbürg, the House of the Wannsee Conference and the former Stasi prison Bautzen II. It argues that memorial sites are melting pots where family, national and global narratives meet. For German visitors, the visit to memorial sites is a confrontation with Germany's responsibility for the two dictatorships while for international visitors it can be a form of 'seeing is believing'. Ultimately, it is the immediacy of the space that is the most important part of the visit. Rooted in an interdisciplinary approach, this book will be of interest to academics and students in German Studies, Tourism and Heritage Studies, Museum Studies, Public History, and Memory Studies.
Transforming Occupation in the Western Zones of Germany provides an in-depth transnational study of power politics, daily life, and social interactions in the Western Zones of occupied Germany during the aftermath of the Second World War. Combining a history from below with a top-down perspective, the volume explores the origins, impacts, and legacies of the occupations of the western zones of Germany by the United States, Britain and France, examining complex yet topical issues that often arise as a consequence of war including regime change, transitional justice, everyday life under occupation, the role of intermediaries, and the multifaceted relationship between occupiers and occupied. Adopting a novel set of approaches that puts questions of power, social relations, gender, race, and the environment centre stage, it moves beyond existing narratives to place the occupation within a broader framework of continuity and change in post-war western Europe. Incorporating essays from 16 international scholars, this volume provides a substantial contribution to the emerging fields of occupation studies and the comparative history of post-war Europe.
This book considers competing memory politics in European border towns after the First and Second World Wars. In the twentieth century Europe’s borders shifted dramatically in the wake of war, and towns were often moved from one state to another despite their physical locations remaining unchanged. Urban spaces adapted to incorporate new place names, monuments, and requirements, overlaid onto the cultural heritage of previous settlers. This book investigates how the memories of different ethnic groups compete and sometimes contest with each other in the town’s space, using the case studies of Vyborg/Viipuri in present-day Russia, Klaipėda/Memel in Lithuania, Szczecin/Stettin in Poland, Flensburg in Germany, Trieste in Italy, and Rijeka/Fiume in Croatia. The book considers how public memories are built and how old traditions are moulded to new forms in urban settings. Drawing on perspectives from across borderland, urban, and memory studies, this book will be an important resource for researchers with an interest in Europe, and in how urban memories are constructed and contested.
Marcel Brüntrup untersucht die Entstehung der nationalsozialistischen »Ausländerkinder-Pflegestätten« im Kontext von Zwangsarbeit und Rassenpolitik. In den letzten Jahren der nationalsozialistischen Herrschaft entstand im Deutschen Reich ein flächendeckendes Netz improvisierter Betreuungseinrichtungen für die Kinder ausländischer Zwangsarbeiterinnen. In diesen euphemistisch als »Ausländerkinder-Pflegestätten« bezeichneten Heimen verloren zehntausende Kinder aufgrund unzureichender Versorgung, Hygiene und Pflege ihr Leben – das gewollte Ergebnis einer menschenfeindlichen Politik, die auf die restlose Ausbeutung der Arbeiterinnen und die gewaltsame rassische Homogenisierung des deutschen Volkes abzielte. Parallel dazu sollten erzwungene Abtreibungen an osteuropäischen Zwangsarbeiterinnen die Geburt »rassisch unerwünschter« Kinder von vornherein verhindern. Marcel Brüntrup beleuchtet die Entstehungsgeschichte der »Ausländerkinder-Pflegestätten« sowie der damit zusammenhängenden Maßnahmen und liefert Einblicke in die Lebenswirklichkeiten betroffener Zwangsarbeiterinnen und ihrer Kinder.
This study is the first to comprehensively examine the development of the Continental rubber and tire company during the Nazi period using sources that have recently become available. It shows to which extent Continental developed into a model Nazi operation within the scope of the National Socialist autarky, armaments, and war economy and analyzes how it dealt with foreign workers and activities in occupied, allied, and neutral countries.