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Spatially Resolved Performance Analysis for Perovskite Solar Cells
Abstract: This review explores the current state of the art in spatially resolved characterization of mixed-halide perovskite solar cells. As the size of perovskite cells and modules continues to grow, quantification of the spatial distribution of key cell parameters will become increasingly valuable in predicting ultimate cell-level performance and tracking process homogeneity. Here, both high resolution microscopic approaches using scanning techniques and camera-based methods for full-area cell and/or module analysis are discussed. The value of this local data in predicting performance losses at the cell level is particularly emphasized. Measurable physical parameters sensitive to losses of voltage, current, fill factor, and efficiency are discussed together with selected experimental results. It is demonstrated that a combination of spatially resolved cell parameter mapping/imaging can be used to quantitatively discriminate various loss contributions at high resolution. The impact and control of inhomogeneities become particularly important when upscaling from small devices to large formats compatible with industrial mass production
High-resolution Analysis of Perovskite Absorbers in Photovoltaics
Abstract: This thesis discusses studies performed by the author at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, ISE. The presented work focuses on the characterization of hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite materials used for photovoltaic application. In an in situ study of the perovskite crystal formation, multiple stages are identified. Taking advantage of a graphite-based cell structure where both contacts are in place before the perovskite crystal formation occurs within the mesoporous scaffold, the photovoltaic performance along with optoelectronic properties are monitored in real time during the crystallization. As perovskite solar cells are prone to spatial heterogeneity,...
UV Degradation and Recovery of Perovskite Aolar Cells
Abstract: Although the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has increased from 3.81% to 22.1% in just 7 years, they still suffer from stability issues, as they degrade upon exposure to moisture, UV light, heat, and bias voltage. We herein examined the degradation of perovskite solar cells in the presence of UV light alone. The cells were exposed to 365 nm UV light for over 1,000 h under inert gas at
Dumpling Day
Savour a rhyming celebration of one of the world's most universal foods! Readers follow ten diverse families as they cook dumplings inside their homes in preparation for a neighbourhood potluck. Dumplings are added to plates one by one, encouraging children to count with each new addition. Authentic recipes for all the dumplings and a map showing their regions of origin are included in the endnotes. Dumpling Day features dumplings from the following regions: India USA (Pennsylvania Dutch) China (Cantonese) Nigeria Japan Israel Mexico Syria Russia Italy
The Cambridge Companion to Women in Music since 1900
An overview of women's work in classical and popular music since 1900 as performers, composers, educators and music technologists.
Halide Perovskites
Real insight from leading experts in the field into the causes of the unique photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells, describing the fundamentals of perovskite materials and device architectures. The authors cover materials research and development, device fabrication and engineering methodologies, as well as current knowledge extending beyond perovskite photovoltaics, such as the novel spin physics and multiferroic properties of this family of materials. Aimed at a better and clearer understanding of the latest developments in the hybrid perovskite field, this is a must-have for material scientists, chemists, physicists and engineers entering or already working in this booming field.
International Handbook of Health Literacy
Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC license. Health literacy addresses a range of social dimensions of health including knowledge, navigation, communication as well as individual and organizational skills for accessing, understanding, evaluating and using of information. Especially over the past decade, health literacy has become a major public health concern globally as an asset for promoting health, wellbeing and sustainable development. This comprehensive handbook provides an invaluable overview of current international thinking about health literacy, highlighting cutting edge research, policy and practice in the field. With a diverse team of contributors, the book addresses health literacy across the life-span and offers insights from different populations and settings. Providing a wide range of major findings, the book outlines current discourse in the field and examines necessary future dialogues and new perspectives.
The Garden We Share
To everything there is a season in this beautiful story about gardening, seasons, and treasured memories. This inspiring picture book written by Zoë Tucker and illustrated by Julianna Swaney—the #1 New York Times bestselling illustrator of We Are the Gardeners by Joanna Gaines—celebrates the friendship between a young girl and an elderly woman as they plant seeds in a community garden alongside friends and neighbors, waiting for the seeds to flower. By mid-summer, the friends welcome a rainbow of color in the garden and picnics in the sun. At harvest, the young girl’s elderly friend is bed-ridden, but jubilant as they share baskets with red tomatoes and snap peas amid the sweet smell of lavender. When the last leaves fall, everything is different. But in the spring, hope arises anew.
