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Clean Energy Urban Design: The Energy Proforma in Practice and Policy offers a new way of understanding urban energy consumption in fast growing China by asking a simple question: How does the design of neighborhoods affect energy consumption? Four years of research—including interviews of 4,500 families and statistical modeling of their energy usage—led MIT researchers Dennis Frenchman and Chris Zegras to conclude that people living in better-designed neighborhoods will consume less energy in their daily patterns of life. Frenchman and Zegras take their findings a step further by making the results of their work accessible to the public through the online Energy Proforma © [http://ener...
Hans van Ginkel Rector, United Nations University The challenges of the world's future are linked to the growing share of the global population that will reside in urban areas. UN projections indicate that by 2030 the world's urban population share will rise to 60 percent. Of the two billion added to the global population, 99 percent will be added to the urban areas of the world. Of this number, 95 percent will be in countries of the developing world. As most people will live in urban areas we had better work to build and organize them as both attractive and less resource consuming places. That is, to promote sustainable urban development is to promote the creation of dense human settlements...
October 1998 A policy considered in isolation may be ineffective because of the countervailing impact of other factors. And the success of a policy may itself lead to perverse incentives. Thus it is important to design complementary policies that support the original goal. Controlling air pollution from urban transport requires attention to land use planning, transport needs and modes, and air quality. Air quality is declining in urban areas, in part because of the rapid motorization of societies worldwide. To combat the problem, various pollution control strategies have been used or proposed for urban passenger transport. Heil and Pargal develop a simple framework to analyze these strategie...
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are rapidly evolving and taking centre stage in everyday life in the 21st century alongside the increasing importance and value of information. This is particularly evident in the transport sector where
Examines recent American history, from the end of the Watergate scandal to the hotly contested presidential election of 2000, describing the events, movements, and players that shaped the era.