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Iron–sulfur (FeS) centers are essential protein cofactors in all forms of life. They are involved in many key biological processes. In particular, Fe-S centers not only serve as enzyme cofactors in catalysis and electron transfer, they are also indispensable for the biosynthesis of complex metal-containing cofactors. Among these cofactors are the molybdenum (Moco) and tungsten (Wco) cofactors. Both Moco/Wco biosynthesis and Fe-S cluster assembly are highly conserved among all kingdoms of life. After formation, Fe-S clusters are transferred to carrier proteins, which insert them into recipient apo-proteins. Moco/Wco cofactors are composed of a tricyclic pterin compound, with the metal coord...
Pteridine and folate research has long been recognized as important for many biological processes, such as amino acid metabolism, nucleic acid synthesis, neurotransmitter synthesis, cancer, cardiovascular function, and growth and development of essentially all living organisms. Defects in synthesis, metabolism and/or nutritional availability of these compounds have been implicated as major causes of common disease processes, e.g. cancer, inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular disorders, neurological diseases, autoimmune processes, and birth defects. Since pteridine and folate biology uses concepts and experimental techniques drawn from all of these disciplines, the breadth of this volume is its great strength, bringing together researchers from a wide variety of fields including biochemistry, chemistry, physics, biophysics, genetics, microbiology, cell and molecular biology, virology, immunology, cancer, neurobiology and medicine. This volume should be a valuable and unique reference work for scientists with interests in these areas as well as those seeking up to date information.
Human organisms adapted to plant-based diets in hunter-gatherers times. Statistical studies show that people consuming plant products on a regular basis have lower risks of developing cancer and neurodegenerative diseases than people preferably eating starch and fat. The beneficial effects of plants are primarily associated with flavonoids, molecules present in fruits, vegetables, teas, and herbs, also known in traditional medicine for their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. Flavonoids are able to bind metals and form complexes. The present book summarizes the scientific evidence collected over the past decade on the structure, chemistry, and biological function of the complexes of natural flavonoids with nine essential metals representing d-block elements of the periodic table. The role of each individual metal in the human body and the diseases affected by metal-flavonoid complexes are described. The materials collected in the book will be of interest to chemists, biologists, nutritionists, and medicinal scientists.
This book covers the bioinorganic chemistry of molybdenum and tungsten enzymes and the physicochemical methods that are used to investigate their structure and function.
Sulfurtransferases: Essential Enzymes for Life stands as the first comprehensive resource on this increasingly important class of enzymes. Following an introduction to the field from the Editors, each chapter covers a specific sulfurtransferase, including its basic biology and roles in healthy functioning, disease, drug discovery, and other biotechnological applications. The physiological function for each enzyme is considered in depth, along with regulation mechanisms, pharmacological inhibitors, and pathology and conditions related to altered enzymatic activity. Sulfurtransferases discussed include rhodanese, MST, thiosulfate-thiol sulfurtransferase, tRNA uracil 4-sulfurtransferase, thiosu...
This work presents a definitive interpretation of the current status of and future trends in natural products—a dynamic field at the intersection of chemistry and biology concerned with isolation, identification, structure elucidation, and chemical characteristics of naturally occurring compounds such as pheromones, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and enzymes. With more than 1,800 color figures, Comprehensive Natural Products II features 100% new material and complements rather than replaces the original work (©1999). Reviews the accumulated efforts of chemical and biological research to understand living organisms and their distinctive effects on health and medicine Stimulates new ideas am...
Diminishing confined fossil resources has spurred the scientific community to strive for alternative, sustainable resources, such as terrestrial biomass, which can potentially substitute fossil-based derivatives. Lignocellulosic biomass is deemed an indispensable carbon source for meeting industrial and social demands regarding energy/fuels and chemicals. Over the past decade, significant advances have been shown in developing a broad spectrum of high-value chemicals and functional materials derived from biomass-based substrates. In connection with this, furanic chemicals, such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural, have recently received considerable attention due to their potential...
With contributions by numerous experts
This volume on iron-sulfur proteins includes chapters that discuss how microbes, plants, and animals synthesize these complex prosthetic groups, and why it is important to understand the chemistry and biogenesis of iron sulfur proteins. In addition to their vital importance in mitochondrial respiration, numerous iron sulfur proteins are important in maintenance of DNA integrity. Multiple rare human diseases with different clinical presentations are caused by mutations of genes in the iron sulfur cluster biogenesis pathway. Understanding iron sulfur proteins is important for understanding a rapidly expanding group of metabolic pathways important in all kingdoms of life, and for understanding processes ranging from nitrogen fixation to human disease.
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