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Valentina
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Valentina
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Valentina
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Valentina Murabito
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Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic
During the past two years, the world has been fighting the COVID-19 pandemic, which has had many negative effects on people’s quality of life, physical health, and mental health. Nobody is oblivious to the general information related to the virus or the deleterious health effects it has been linked to, yet there is a lot more to it than the general knowledge. In this book, we shed light on the virus itself and its properties, epidemiology, immune response, various clinical scenarios and consequences, and diagnostic and management dilemmas. Finally, we discuss COVID vaccines and the related myths and misinformation that have led to vaccine hesitancy and mistrust.
Neurological Involvement in COVID-19
The respiratory system is the most common target of COVID-19, however, various experimental studies and case reports have shown its affinity for neural tissues. In this chapter, we described pathogenesis and propagation of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the nervous system, potential routes of the SARS-CoV-2 invasion in the brain, as well as indirect effects of COVID-19 on multiorgan disorders. We have also presented all of the reported neurological manifestations in COVID-19 with an explanation of possible underlying pathways. Among patients who tested positive on SARS-CoV-2, various neurological irregularities have been described, affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems. In general, neurological complications in COVID-19 patients occur within 1 and 14 days, in most cases on average on the 5th day of the incubation period. We have demonstrated all of the reported neurological findings, whereas the most commonly reported were headache, dizziness, myalgia, hypogeusia, hyposmia, and impaired consciousness. More serious neurological conditions in COVID-19 included meningitis, encephalitis, and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke.
Magnetic Resonance of Myelin, Myelination, and Myelin Disorders
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is now considered the imaging modality of choice for the majority of disorders affecting the central nervous system. This is particularly true for gray and white matter disorders, thanks to the superb soft tis sue contrast in MRI which allows gray matter, unmyelinated, and myelinated white matter to be distinguished and their respective disorders identified. The pre sent book is devoted to the disorders of myelin and myelination. A growing amount of detailed in vivo information about myelin, myelination, and myelin dis orders has been derived both from MRI and from MR spectroscopy (MRS). This prompted us to review the clinical, laboratory, biochemical, and pa...
Lifestyle and Epidemiology
Lifestyle and Epidemiology - The Double Burden of Poverty and Cardiovascular Diseases in African Populations examines the profile of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the rural South African population. The burden of diseases in South Africa is characterized by a combination of poverty-related diseases with emerging NCDs associated with urbanization, industrialization, and a Westernised lifestyle. Chapters in this book examine the effects of poverty, COVID-19, and other social factors on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, reproductive health, and diabetes in rural South Africa.
Science-Based Approaches to Respond to COVID and Other Public Health Threats
COVID-19 and other public health threats have contributed to more than six million deaths globally in a short amount of time. As such, there is an urgent need to respond to these threats in a way that improves global health and wellbeing. Written by a diverse group of exemplary scientists, the thirteen chapters in this volume provide unique, comprehensive, and science-based approaches to respond to macro-structural, human process, and micro issues affecting public health threats.
