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Potential Bio-Inoculation Technology for Composting of Biomass
Composting is a way of obtaining a stable product from biological oxidative transformations, in environmental sound, similar to that naturally occurs in the soil. Although composting has been practiced for thousands of years, the research studies have been, until the 20th century, progressed to spur increased interest in composting and compost use as well as gave a way to interest the development by the broad of scientists of various disciplines such as agronomy, mechanical engineering, horticulture, mushroom science, soil science, microbiology and ecology. The strategy of inoculants to improve the composting process has been a controversial subject since scientists started to devote attention to this question. Some works describe the complete absence of effects of this kind of treatment, whereas others report the way that inoculation leads to the production of compost with better properties, to achieve specific goals and/or to overcome the obstacles of production. Based on the forgoing, the present study has been aiming the evaluation of various scenarios of the rice straw composting process under controlling of multifarious bio-inoculate sources and/or some natural resources.
Approaches to the Remediation of Inorganic Pollutants
In this comprehensive book, plant biologists and environmental scientists present the latest information on different approaches to the remediation of inorganic pollutants. Highlighting remediation techniques for a broad range of pollutants, the book offers a timely compilation to help readers understand injury and tolerance mechanisms, and the subsequent improvements that can be achieved by plant-based remediation. Gathering contributions by respected experts in the field, the book represents a valuable asset for students and researchers, particularly plant physiologists, environmental scientists, biotechnologists, botanists, soil chemists and agronomists.
Biostimulants for Crop Production and Sustainable Agriculture
Agricultural biostimulants are a group of substances or microorganisms, based on natural resources, that are applied to plants or soils to improve nutrient uptake and plant growth, and provide better tolerance to various stresses. Their function is to stimulate the natural processes of plants, or to enrich the soil microbiome to improve plant growth, nutrition, abiotic and/or biotic stress tolerance, yield and quality of crop plants. Interest in plant biostimulants has been on the rise over the past 10 years, driven by the growing interest of researchers and farmers in environmentally-friendly tools for improved crop performance. Improved crop production technologies are urgently needed to meet the growing demand for food for the ever-increasing global population by addressing the impacts of changing climate on agriculture. This book is of interest to researchers in agriculture, agronomy, crop and plant science, soil science and environmental science.
The Vegetation of Egypt
This book is an attempt to compile and integrate the information documented by many botanists, both Egyptians and others, about the vegetation of Egypt. The first treatise on the flora of Egypt, by Petrus Forsskäl, was published in 1775. Records of the Egyptian flora made during the Napoleonic expedition to Egypt (1778-1801) were provided by AR. Delile from 1809 to 1812 (Kassas, 1981). The early beginning of ecological studies of the vegetation of Egypt extended to the mid-nineteenth century. Two traditions may be re cognized. The first was general exploration and survey, for which one name is symbolic: Georges-Auguste Schweinfurth (1836-1925), a German scientist and explorer who lived in E...
Biomanagement of Metal-Contaminated Soils
Heavy-metal contamination is one of the world's major environmental problems, posing significant risks to agro-ecosystems. Conventional technologies employed for heavy-metal remediation have often been expensive and disruptive. This book provides comprehensive, state-of-the-art coverage of the natural, sustainable alternatives that use a wide range of biological materials in the removal/detoxification of heavy metals, consequently leading to the improvement of crops in these soils. Novel, environmentally friendly and inexpensive solutions are presented based on a sound understanding of metal contamination and the roles of plants and microbes in the management of these toxic soils. Written by worldwide experts, the book provides not only the necessary scientific background but also addresses the challenging questions that require special attention in order to better understand metal toxicity in soils and its management through bioremediation.
Inorganic Materials for Energy, Medicine and Environmental Remediation
This book presents concepts, methods and applications of inorganic nanomaterials for energy applications such as fuel cells and batteries, for environmental applications such as water purification, and for medicinal applications such as cancer treatments. The founding father of nanotechnology, Eric Drexler, always communicated a unique vision in exploring new materials and creating advancements in molecular nanotechnology. He emphasized the potential advantages of smaller size, higher efficiency and less needed resources for applications in energy, environment and medicine. A higher surface to volume ratio of inorganic nanomaterials is a key property.
Handbook of LEGUMES of World Economic Importance
In 1971, Dr. Quentin Jones, now of the National Hawaii, where an international panel convened to Program Staff, SEA, USDA, suggested that the discuss and assemble information on underexploit Plant Taxonomy Laboratory devise a format for ed tropical legumes. Conversations at that meeting concise write-ups on 1,000 economic plants (Duke and subsequent correspondence with the partici and Terrell, 1974; Duke et al. , 1975). Dr. C. F. pants also yielded new information on some of the Reed was contracted to search the literature on tropical legumes. Finally in 1978, 100 copies of the writeups these economic plants, which included 146 species of legumes. From 1971 through 1974, Dr. Reed were delive...
Residues and Wastes Biomass in Egypt
Total area of Egypt is about million Km2, about 97% desert and only 5% of the land area is actually occupied with less than 4% of the land is suitable for agriculture. Today, the biomass extractions are reused for a number of purposes, such as organic fertilization, energy production, forage and value-add products. For the utilization of biomass, a raw bio-material is selected among various kinds of biomass by taking into consideration of its utilization purpose, demand and availability. Then, the raw material is converted to new sustainable products. In Egypt, the Biomass comes mainly from plants and their debris as well as their industries. With intensive population as well as the introduction of modern technologies in the agricultural process, residues/wastes has become a burden because of the entailed destruction and pollution of the environment. The type and quantity of biomass in Egypt is locally varied from one year to another. However, there have been insufficient investigations regarding the production of biomass in Egypt and an analysis of existing and potential biomass sources will be required well before the start-up of sustainable production of such outcomes.
Environmental Soil Chemistry
As the author states in his Preface, this book is written at a time when scientific and lay communities recognize that knowledge of environmental chemistry is fundamental in understanding and predicting the fate of pollutants in soils and waters, and in making sound decisions about remediation of contaminated soils. Environmental Soil Chemistry presents the fundamental concepts of soil science and applies them to environmentally significant reactions in soil. Clearly and concisely written for undergraduate and beginning graduate students of soil science, the book is likewise accessible to all students and professionals of environmental engineering and science. Chapters cover background infor...
Enzymes in the Environment
The need to understand the biological processes that are important for essential aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem function has prompted much research into the field of ecological enzymology. This book presents the two broad areas of application in a compilation of reviews by 21 international experts in their respective fields. The first explores enzymatic activities to assess the processes or mechanisms that operate in a given system, such as the rhizosphere, plant leaves and shoots, soil surfaces, and biofilms. The second considers enzymes or microbial cells as sensors to detect microbial activity and stresses due to pollution, management, or climatic change in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
