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Regulating Digital Piracy Consumption
Regulators across the globe have imposed penalties on consumers for digital piracy consumption. Contrary to expectations, however, digital piracy consumption has continued to grow since the inception of these regulations. We develop a simple model of competition between a copyright holder and a pirate firm to offer a plausible account for this observation. The core of our idea is to endogenize the pirate firm's strategic investment in anti-tracking technologies that help piracy users evade a regulator's penalty. We find that as the regulator raises penalty against piracy users, piracy consumption can surprisingly increase after decreasing first. Relatedly, the copyright holder and the society may suffer from tighter regulation. We also identify complex non-monotonic long-run effects of piracy consumption regulation on the copyright holder's incentives to create better content.
Social Pricing in a Distribution Channel Under Conspicuous Consumption
The proliferation of social networking platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram has greatly facilitated social interactions among individuals, and thus their product consumption becomes more visible to their peers. This enhanced visibility influences consumers' purchase decisions of conspicuous goods, because it affects social value derived in their conspicuous consumption. In this study, we develop an analytical model to study the impact of such social technologies on social pricing along a distribution channel. Consumers have conspicuous consumption preferences, and are grouped by snobs and conformists. Snobs value the product exclusivity while conformists prefer the product popu...
Benefits of Sourcing Alternative Inputs of Manufacturers for Suppliers
A downstream manufacturer can purchase high-quality inputs from its upstream raw-material supplier to produce high-quality products. The manufacturer may also have the option to source alternative cheaper low-quality inputs to partially replace the inputs from the original supplier to produce products with lower quality. Intuitively, this option could hurt the supplier in two ways: It sells fewer inputs, and it needs to set a lower wholesale price due to the competitive pressure. Interestingly, our study reveals an opposing finding: When the downstream manufacturer has the option of sourcing alternative inputs, the upstream supplier can benefit not only by selling more inputs but also by setting a higher wholesale price. Additionally, despite this higher wholesale price, it turns out that product price falls and the manufacturer can still earn more profits. Moreover, this paper shows that the wholesale price of the supplier's inputs can be higher than the price of the manufacturer's products. Finally, we also demonstrate the robustness of our findings under several alternative model settings.
Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (ISHVAC 2019)
This book presents selected papers from the 11th International Symposium on Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (ISHVAC 2019), with a focus on HVAC techniques for improving indoor environment quality and the energy efficiency of heating and cooling systems. Presenting inspiration for implementing more efficient and safer HVAC systems, the book is a valuable resource for academic researchers, engineers in industry, and government regulators.
Impact of Consumer Curiosity on Content Disclosure and Pricing
Drawing on the literature on curiosity, we develop a model to study the impact of consumer curiosity on a firm's information disclosure of product content and price in an entertainment market, where consumers are curious about new products (e.g., movies) and are uncertain about their quality. We show that when consumers exhibit a weak curiosity preference, a high-quality firm's information disclosure level and price can be different from those of a low-quality firm. In contrast, when consumers exhibit a strong curiosity preference, the firm always discloses the same limited level of content information and sets identical prices regardless of the quality of its products, rendering it difficult for potential consumers to identify the quality of the products. These results suggest that consumer curiosity may account for the widespread phenomenon of the coexistence of similarly limited content disclosure and uniform pricing in entertainment markets.
Impact of Consumer Curiosity on Content Disclosure and Pricing
Drawing on the literature on curiosity, we develop a model to study the impact of consumer curiosity on a firm's information disclosure of product content and price in an entertainment market, where consumers are curious about new products (e.g., movies) and are uncertain about their quality. We show that when consumers exhibit a weak curiosity preference, a high-quality firm's information disclosure level and price can be different from those of a low-quality firm. In contrast, when consumers exhibit a strong curiosity preference, the firm always discloses the same limited level of content information and sets identical prices regardless of the quality of its products, rendering it difficult for potential consumers to identify the quality of the products. These results suggest that consumer curiosity may account for the widespread phenomenon of the coexistence of similarly limited content disclosure and uniform pricing in entertainment markets.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Medicinal and aromatic plants are beneficial to human health. Plant-derived molecules possess biological activities that can be used to prevent many infectious diseases and metabolic disorders. Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants summarizes techniques and methods used to study the biological activities of plant-derived extracts and compounds to study ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological features of medicinal and aromatic plants. This book: Includes computational approaches to study the pharmacological properties of biomolecules in medicinal and aromatic plants. Details methods in ethnopharmacology including chromatographical and analytical techniques. Demons...
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China: 70 Years and Beyond, Volume 110 covers the major achievements gained in the research and control of parasitic diseases in China, e.g. schistosomiasis, malaria, lymphatic filariasis, echinococcosis, visceral leishmaniasis, soil-transmitted helminthiasis, foodborne clonorchiasis, angiostrongyliasis, taeniasis and cysticercosis, etc. The book introduces approaches that can be developed with big data analytic tools, how to use surveillance-response systems at national and regional levels, and tactics to promote the national parasitic resources center to support various research and control activities. Finally, a chapter on the roadmap for parasiti...
