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Seorang anak tidak langsung bisa bicara saat baru lahir. Tidak ada juga manusia yang langsung bisa mengendarai mobil tanpa terlebih dahulu belajar. Proses belajar membantu manusia menguasai pengetahuan dan keterampilan. Penguasaan pengetahuan dan keterampilan juga perlu dilakukan secara bertahap. Tahapan tersebut disesuaikan dengan tingkat Perkembangan peserta belajar. Oleh sebab itu mengetahui dengan baik karakteristik perkembangan peserta didik sangat penting. Pengetahuan tersebut dapat membantu para fasilitator proses belajar untuk merancang dan menerapkan cara-cara yang tepat untuk mendukung tercapainya keberhasilan hasil belajar yang maksimal. Buku ini ditulis melalui kolaborasi para pe...
Pertanian disebut sebagai kegiatan pemanfaatan sumber daya hayati yang dilakukan manusia untuk menghasilkan bahan pangan, bahan baku industri, atau sumber energi, serta untuk mengelola lingkungan hidupnya. Dilihat dari pengertian luasnya yang mencakup semua kegiatan serta melibatkan pemanfaatan makhluk hidup untuk kepentingan manusia. Sedangkan istilah Kehutanan memberikan arti sebagai suatu praktik untuk membuat, mengelola, menggunakan dan melestarikan hutan untuk kepentingan manusia, sebagai mana yang disebutkan dalam Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No 41 tahun 1999 tentang kehutanan, definisi kehutanan adalah sistem pengurusan yang bersangkut paut dengan hutan, kawasan hutan, dan hasil h...
Mikrobiologi merupakan ilmu terapan yang memanfaatkan mikroorganisme (mikroba) sebagai alat untuk peningkatan kualitas hidup manusia. Pada awalnya pemanfaatan mikroba hanya berkisar pada industri makanan saja. Seiring dengan berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan, mikroba pun banyak digunakan untuk kegiatan manusia yang lainnya seperti pengelolaan limbah, pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di bidang rekayasa genetika dan lain sebagainya. Selain itu, kini mikroba mulai digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah limbah. Misalnya, pada saat pengangkutan minyak bumi dari pengeboran lepas pantai atau distribusi minyak bumi dari satu tempat ke tempat yang lain. Jika terjadi kebocoran di laut sehingga mengakibatkan tump...
In Vitro Culture of Higher Plants presents an up-to-date and wide- ranging account of the techniques and applications, and has primarily been written in response to practical problems. Special attention has been paid to the educational aspects. Typical methodological aspects are given in the first part: laboratory set-up, composition and preparation of media, sterilization of media and plant material, isolation and (sub)culture, mechanization, the influence of plant and environmental factors on growth and development, the transfer from test-tube to soil, aids to study. The question of why in vitro culture is practised is covered in the second part: embryo culture, germination of orchid seeds, mericloning of orchids, production of disease-free plants, vegetative propagation, somaclonal variation, test-tube fertilization, haploids, genetic manipulation, other applications in phytopathology and plant breeding, secondary metabolites.
Immunology of Infection, 2nd Edition, edited by two leading experts in the field, presents the most appropriate up-to-date experimental approaches in the detail required for modern microbiological research. Focusing on the methods most useful for the Microbiologist interested in analysing host-pathogen relationships, this volume will be essential reading for all researchers working in microbiology, immunology, virology, mycology and parasitology. This new edition of Immunology of Infection provides ready-to-use "recipes", and the latest emerging techniques as well as novel approaches to the tried and tested, established methods included in the successful first edition. Methods in Microbiolog...
Experts estimate that as many as 98,000 people die in any given year from medical errors that occur in hospitals. That's more than die from motor vehicle accidents, breast cancer, or AIDSâ€"three causes that receive far more public attention. Indeed, more people die annually from medication errors than from workplace injuries. Add the financial cost to the human tragedy, and medical error easily rises to the top ranks of urgent, widespread public problems. To Err Is Human breaks the silence that has surrounded medical errors and their consequenceâ€"but not by pointing fingers at caring health care professionals who make honest mistakes. After all, to err is human. Instead, this book se...
This book explores the risks and benefits of crops that are genetically modified for pest resistance, the urgency of establishing an appropriate regulatory framework for these products, and the importance of public understanding of the issues. The committee critically reviews federal policies toward transgenic products, the 1986 coordinated framework among the key federal agencies in the field, and rules proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency for regulation of plant pesticides. This book provides detailed analyses of: Mechanisms and results of genetic engineering compared to conventional breeding for pest resistance. Review of scientific issues associated with transgenic pest-protected plants, such as allergenicity, impact on nontarget plants, evolution of the pest species, and other concerns. Overview of regulatory framework and its use of scientific information with suggestions for improvements.
Highlighting the role of dietary fats in foods, human health, and disease, this book offers comprehensive presentations of lipids in food. Furnishing a solid background in lipid nomenclature and classification, it contains over 3600 bibliographic citations for more in-depth exploration of specific topics and over 530 illustrations, tables, and equa
A leading evolutionary thinker, biologist, and medical researcher asks the question: "Could life elsewhere be substantially different from life on Earth?"--and builds a step-by-step argument for human inevitability. 65 illustrations and photos.