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Submarine Landslides and Tsunamis
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 341

Submarine Landslides and Tsunamis

Tsunamis are water waves triggered by impulsive geologic events such as sea floor deformation, landslides, slumps, subsidence, volcanic eruptions and bolide impacts. Tsunamis can inflict significant damage and casualties both nearfield and after evolving over long propagation distances and impacting distant coastlines. Tsunamis can also effect geomorphologic changes along the coast. Understanding tsunami generation and evolution is of paramount importance for protecting coastal population at risk, coastal structures and the natural environment. Accurately and reliably predicting the initial waveform and the associated coastal effects of tsunamis remains one of the most vexing problems in geophysics, and -with few exceptions- has resisted routine numerical computation or data collection solutions. While ten years ago, it was believed that the generation problem was adequately understood for useful predictions, it is now clear that it is not, especially nearfield. By contrast, the runup problem earlier believed intractable is now well understood for all but the most extreme breaking wave events.

Advanced Numerical Models For Simulating Tsunami Waves And Runup
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 341

Advanced Numerical Models For Simulating Tsunami Waves And Runup

This review volume is divided into two parts. The first part includes five review papers on various numerical models. Pedersen provides a brief but thorough review of the theoretical background for depth-integrated wave equations, which are employed to simulate tsunami runup. LeVeque and George describe high-resolution finite volume methods for solving the nonlinear shallow water equations. The focus of their discussion is on the applications of these methods to tsunami runup.In recent years, several advanced 3D numerical models have been introduced to the field of coastal engineering to calculate breaking waves and wave-structure interactions. These models are still under development and ar...

Geophysical Phenomena and the Alexandrian Littoral
  • Language: en

Geophysical Phenomena and the Alexandrian Littoral

This book presents the geomorphology and recent geoarchaeological history of Alexandria which has been repeatedly struck by natural disasters. The Coastal area offers archaeological evidence (burial sites, quarry activities and ancient building remnants), as well as geomorphological features, all revealing a complex evolution of the coastal zone.

Geophysical Phenomena and the Alexandrian Littoral
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 146

Geophysical Phenomena and the Alexandrian Littoral

This book presents the geomorphology and recent geoarchaeological history of Alexandria which has been repeatedly struck by natural disasters. The Coastal area offers archaeological evidence (burial sites, quarry activities and ancient building remnants), as well as geomorphological features, all revealing a complex evolution of the coastal zone.

Landslide Tsunamis: Recent Findings and Research Directions
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 597

Landslide Tsunamis: Recent Findings and Research Directions

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2013-03-07
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  • Publisher: Birkhäuser

In the wake of the disastrous tsunami which struck Papua New Guinea in 1998, this volume presents 20 state-of-the-art contributions on landslide tsunamis, including earthquake characteristics and ground motions, modeling of landslides in geotechnical engineering, field surveys on land and at sea, simulations of past, present, and potential future tsunamis, and theoretical studies of tsunami generation by landslides.

Long-wave Runup Models - Proceedings Of The International Workshop
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 419

Long-wave Runup Models - Proceedings Of The International Workshop

Since September 1992, there has been an unprecedented number of major tsunami events. Chronologically, the ten sites were: Nicaragua, in September 1992; Flores, Indonesia, in December 1992; Okushiri, Japan, in July 1993; East Java, Indonesia, in June 1994; Shikotan, Russia, in October 1994; Mindoro, Philippines, in November 1994; Skagway, Alaska, in November 1994; East Timor, Indonesia, in May 1995; Irian Jaya, Indonesia, in February 1996; Chimbote, Peru, in February 1996. These tsunamis caused substantial damage and many casualties. Now is the time to review this extraordinary phenomenon so as to prepare for forthcoming tsunami events.The purpose of this book is to review and update our knowledge of long-wave runups and our recent experience in field surveys of tsunami runups. Comparisons of numerical, analytical, and physical prediction models are made using existing laboratory and field data. Also presented are state-of-the-art tsunami prediction models and detailed discussions on tsunami runup phenomena.

Tsunamis
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 482

Tsunamis

The world's foremost experts write about the dynamics of geophysical processes involved in tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation, along with the statistical and geophysical properties of tsunami recurrence, and their application to tsunami forecasts and warnings.

Dynamics of Disasters—Key Concepts, Models, Algorithms, and Insights
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 379

Dynamics of Disasters—Key Concepts, Models, Algorithms, and Insights

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2016-11-21
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  • Publisher: Springer

This volume results from the “Second International Conference on Dynamics of Disasters” held in Kalamata, Greece, June 29-July 2, 2015. The conference covered particular topics involved in natural and man-made disasters such as war, chemical spills, and wildfires. Papers in this volume examine the finer points of disasters through: Critical infrastructure protection Resiliency Humanitarian logistic Relief supply chains Cooperative game theory Dynamical systems Decision making under risk and uncertainty Spread of diseases Contagion Funding for disaster relief Tools for emergency preparedness Response, and risk mitigation Multi-disciplinary theories, tools, techniques and methodologies are linked with disasters from mitigation and preparedness to response and recovery. The interdisciplinary approach to problems in economics, optimization, government, management, business, humanities, engineering, medicine, mathematics, computer science, behavioral studies, emergency services, and environmental studies will engage readers from a wide variety of fields and backgrounds.

Tsunami Warning and Preparedness
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 296

Tsunami Warning and Preparedness

Many coastal areas of the United States are at risk for tsunamis. After the catastrophic 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, legislation was passed to expand U.S. tsunami warning capabilities. Since then, the nation has made progress in several related areas on both the federal and state levels. At the federal level, NOAA has improved the ability to detect and forecast tsunamis by expanding the sensor network. Other federal and state activities to increase tsunami safety include: improvements to tsunami hazard and evacuation maps for many coastal communities; vulnerability assessments of some coastal populations in several states; and new efforts to increase public awareness of the hazard and ...